Department of Biology, Seattle Pacific University, Seattle, Washington, United States of America.
Department of Anthropology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2023 Jun 28;18(6):e0287101. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287101. eCollection 2023.
The sexual division of labor among human foraging populations has typically been recognized as involving males as hunters and females as gatherers. Recent archeological research has questioned this paradigm with evidence that females hunted (and went to war) throughout the Homo sapiens lineage, though many of these authors assert the pattern of women hunting may only have occurred in the past. The current project gleans data from across the ethnographic literature to investigate the prevalence of women hunting in foraging societies in more recent times. Evidence from the past one hundred years supports archaeological finds from the Holocene that women from a broad range of cultures intentionally hunt for subsistence. These results aim to shift the male-hunter female-gatherer paradigm to account for the significant role females have in hunting, thus dramatically shifting stereotypes of labor, as well as mobility.
人类狩猎采集群体中的性别分工通常被认为涉及男性作为猎人，女性作为采集者。最近的考古研究对这一范式提出了质疑，其证据表明，女性在整个智人谱系中都进行了狩猎（并参与了战争），尽管许多作者断言，女性狩猎的模式可能只发生在过去。当前的项目从民族志文献中收集数据，以调查在更近的时间里狩猎采集社会中女性狩猎的普遍程度。过去一百年的证据支持全新世的考古发现，即来自广泛文化的女性为了生计而有意进行狩猎。这些结果旨在将男性狩猎、女性采集的范式转变为女性在狩猎中扮演的重要角色，从而极大地改变了劳动和流动性的刻板印象。
