Differences of Sex Development: Current Issues and Controversies.

Differences of sex development (DSD) encompass a broad range of conditions in which the development of chromosomal, gonadal, or anatomic sex is not typically male or female. Terms used to describe DSD are controversial, and continuously evolving. An individualized, multidisciplinary approach is key to both the diagnosis and management of DSD. Recent advances in DSD care include expanded genetic testing options, a more nuanced approach to gonadal management, and an emphasis on shared decision-making, particularly related to external genital surgical procedures. The timing of DSD surgery is currently being questioned and debated in both medical and advocacy/activism spheres.