BER analysis on exposure effect for optical camera communication.

The exposure effect of cameras in optical camera communication (OCC) distorts the received light pulses and generates inter-symbol interference (ISI), which adversely affects the bit error rate (BER) performance. In this Letter, we derive an analytical expression of BER based on the pulse response model of the camera-based OCC channel and analyze the impact of exposure time on BER performance considering asynchronous transmission characteristics. Numerical simulations and experimental results demonstrate that a long exposure time is beneficial in a noise-dominant communication scenario, while a short exposure time is preferable when ISI is dominant. This Letter provides a comprehensive analysis of the influence of exposure time on BER performance, offering a theoretical foundation for the design and optimization of OCC systems.