BrainPark, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health and School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.
BrainPark, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health and School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2023 Sep;152:105295. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105295. Epub 2023 Jun 28.
It is well-established that addiction is typically associated with a distinct pattern of neurocognitive functioning with a consensus that it is typified by impaired top-down executive control and aberrant risk-reward processing. Despite a consensus that neurocognition plays an important role in characterizing and maintaining addictive disorders, there is a lack of systematic, bottom-up synthesis of quantitative evidence showing that neurocognition predicts addictive behaviors, and which neurocognitive constructs have the best predictive validity. This systematic review aimed to assess whether cognitive control and risk-reward processes as defined by the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) predict the development and maintenance of addictive behaviors specifically, consumption, severity, and relapse. The findings from this review expose the substantial lack of evidence for neurocognition predicting addiction outcomes. However, there is evidence that suggests reward-related neurocognitive processes may be important for the detection of early risk for addiction, as well as a potentially viable target for designing novel, more effective interventions.
众所周知，成瘾通常与特定的神经认知功能模式相关联，人们普遍认为它的特征是执行控制能力受损和风险回报处理异常。尽管人们一致认为神经认知在描述和维持成瘾障碍方面起着重要作用，但缺乏系统的、自下而上的综合定量证据表明，神经认知可以预测成瘾行为，以及哪些神经认知结构具有最佳的预测效度。本系统评价旨在评估研究领域标准（RDoC）定义的认知控制和风险回报过程是否可以预测成瘾行为的发展和维持，特别是消费、严重程度和复发。本综述的结果表明，神经认知预测成瘾结果的证据不足。然而，有证据表明，与奖励相关的神经认知过程可能对检测早期成瘾风险很重要，并且可能是设计新颖、更有效的干预措施的一个可行目标。
