神经、血管、肌肉和肠道细胞在二维和三维策略中的排列行为。

Alignment behavior of nerve, vascular, muscle, and intestine cells in two- and three-dimensional strategies.

作者信息

Jafari Amir, Behjat Erfan, Malektaj Haniyeh, Mobini Faezeh

机构信息

Laboratório de Neurofisiologia, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Centro Biomédico, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Department of Biomaterials, School of Metallurgy & Materials Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.

出版信息

WIREs Mech Dis. 2023 Sep-Oct;15(5):e1620. doi: 10.1002/wsbm.1620. Epub 2023 Jul 1.

Abstract

By harnessing structural hierarchical insights, plausibly simulate better ones imagination to figure out the best choice of methods for reaching out the unprecedented developments of the tissue engineering products as a next level. Constructing a functional tissue that incorporates two-dimensional (2D) or higher dimensions requires overcoming technological or biological limitations in order to orchestrate the structural compilation of one-dimensional and 2D sheets (microstructures) simultaneously (in situ). This approach enables the creation of a layered structure that can be referred to as an ensemble of layers or, after several days of maturation, a direct or indirect joining of layers. Here, we have avoided providing a detailed methodological description of three-dimensional and 2D strategies, except for a few interesting examples that highlight the higher alignment of cells and emphasize rarely remembered facts associated with vascular, peripheral nerve, muscle, and intestine tissues. The effective directionality of cells in conjunction with geometric cues (in the range of micrometers) is well known to affect a variety of cell behaviors. The curvature of a cell's environment is one of the factors that influence the formation of patterns within tissues. The text will cover cell types containing some level of stemness, which will be followed by their consequences for tissue formation. Other important considerations pertain to cytoskeleton traction forces, cell organelle positioning, and cell migration. An overview of cell alignment along with several pivotal molecular and cellular level concepts, such as mechanotransduction, chirality, and curvature of structure effects on cell alignments will be presented. The mechanotransduction term will be used here in the context of the sensing capability that cells show as a result of force-induced changes either at the conformational or the organizational levels, a capability that allows us to modify cell fate by triggering downstream signaling pathways. A discussion of the cells' cytoskeleton and of the stress fibers involvement in altering the cell's circumferential constitution behavior (alignment) based on exposed scaffold radius will be provided. Curvatures with size similarities in the range of cell sizes cause the cell's behavior to act as if it was in an in vivo tissue environment. The revision of the literature, patents, and clinical trials performed for the present study shows that there is a clear need for translational research through the implementation of clinical trial platforms that address the tissue engineering possibilities raised in the current revision. This article is categorized under: Infectious Diseases > Biomedical Engineering Neurological Diseases > Biomedical Engineering Cardiovascular Diseases > Biomedical Engineering.

摘要

通过利用结构层次的见解,合理地模拟更好的想象力,以找出实现组织工程产品前所未有的发展的最佳方法选择,将其提升到一个新的水平。构建包含二维(2D)或更高维度的功能性组织需要克服技术或生物学限制,以便同时(原位)精心安排一维和二维薄片(微观结构)的结构汇编。这种方法能够创建一种分层结构,该结构可以被称为层的集合,或者在成熟几天后,实现层的直接或间接连接。在这里,除了一些有趣的例子外,我们避免提供三维和二维策略的详细方法描述,这些例子突出了细胞的更高排列,并强调了与血管、周围神经、肌肉和肠道组织相关的鲜为人知的事实。细胞的有效方向性与几何线索(在微米范围内)相结合,众所周知会影响多种细胞行为。细胞环境的曲率是影响组织内模式形成的因素之一。本文将涵盖具有一定程度干性的细胞类型,随后将讨论它们对组织形成的影响。其他重要的考虑因素涉及细胞骨架牵引力、细胞器定位和细胞迁移。将概述细胞排列以及几个关键的分子和细胞水平概念,如机械转导、手性以及结构曲率对细胞排列的影响。这里使用机械转导一词是指细胞由于在构象或组织水平上由力引起的变化而表现出的传感能力,这种能力使我们能够通过触发下游信号通路来改变细胞命运。将讨论细胞骨架以及应力纤维如何基于暴露的支架半径参与改变细胞的周向构成行为(排列)。与细胞大小范围相似的曲率会使细胞的行为就好像它处于体内组织环境中一样。为本研究进行的文献、专利和临床试验的修订表明,通过实施临床试验平台来开展转化研究具有明确需求,该平台应解决当前修订中提出的组织工程可能性。本文分类如下:传染病>生物医学工程;神经疾病>生物医学工程;心血管疾病>生物医学工程。

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