Quantum Chemical Exploration of A-π-D-π-D-Type Compounds for the Exploration of Chemical Reactivity, Optoelectronic, and Third-order Nonlinear Optical Properties.

Organic compounds exhibit significant nonlinear optical (NLO) properties and can be utilized in various areas like optical parameters, fiber optics, and optical communication. Herein, a series of chromophores () with an A-π-D-π-D framework was derived from a prepared compound () by varying the structure of π-spacer and terminal acceptor. The and its investigated compounds were optimized at the M06/6-311G(d,p) level of theory. Frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs), nonlinear optical (NLO) properties, global reactivity parameters (GRPs), natural bonding orbital (NBO), transition density matrix (TDM), molecular electrostatic potential (MEP), and natural population analysis (NPA) were accomplished at the abovementioned level to describe the NLO findings. has the lowermost band gap (2.131 eV) among all of the derived compounds. The decreasing order of highest occupied molecular orbital-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (HOMO-LUMO) energy gap values was > > > > > > . The NBO analysis was carried out to describe noncovalent interactions such as conjugative interactions and electron delocalization. From all of the examined substances, showed the highest λ value at 593.425 nm (in the gaseous phase) and 630.578 nm (in chloroform solvent). Moreover, the β and ⟨γ⟩ amplitudes of were noticed to be relatively greater at 1.140 × 10 and 1.331 × 10 esu, respectively. So, these outcomes disclosed that depicted the highest linear and nonlinear properties in comparison to the other designed compounds, which underlines that it could make a significant contribution to hi-tech NLO devices.