从研究到实践的远程牙科：19个国家的故事。
Teledentistry from research to practice: a tale of nineteen countries.
作者信息
El Tantawi Maha, Lam Walter Yu Hang, Giraudeau Nicolas, Virtanen Jorma I, Matanhire Cleopatra, Chifamba Timothy, Sabbah Wael, Gomaa Noha, Al-Maweri Sadeq Ali, Uribe Sergio E, Mohebbi Simin Z, Hasmun Noren, Guan Guangzhao, Polonowita Ajith, Khan Sadika Begum, Pisano Massimo, Ellakany Passent, Baraka Marwa Mohamed, Ali Abdalmawla Alhussin, Orellana Centeno José Eduardo, Pavlic Verica, Folayan Morenike Oluwatoyin
机构信息
Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
Prosthodontics, Restorative Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
出版信息
Front Oral Health. 2023 Jun 16;4:1188557. doi: 10.3389/froh.2023.1188557. eCollection 2023.
AIM
The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated teledentistry research with great interest reflected in the increasing number of publications. In many countries, teledentistry programs were established although not much is known about the extent of incorporating teledentistry into practice and healthcare systems. This study aimed to report on policies and strategies related to teledentistry practice as well as barriers and facilitators for this implementation in 19 countries.
METHODS
Data were presented per country about information and communication technology (ICT) infrastructure, income level, policies for health information system (HIS), eHealth and telemedicine. Researchers were selected based on their previous publications in teledentistry and were invited to report on the situation in their respective countries including Bosnia and Herzegovina, Canada, Chile, China, Egypt, Finland, France, Hong Kong SAR, Iran, Italy, Libya, Mexico, New Zealand, Nigeria, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, United Kingdom, Zimbabwe.
RESULTS
Ten (52.6%) countries were high income, 11 (57.9%) had eHealth policies, 7 (36.8%) had HIS policies and 5 (26.3%) had telehealth policies. Six (31.6%) countries had policies or strategies for teledentistry and no teledentistry programs were reported in two countries. Teledentistry programs were incorporated into the healthcare systems at national ( = 5), intermediate (provincial) ( = 4) and local ( = 8) levels. These programs were established in three countries, piloted in 5 countries and informal in 9 countries.
CONCLUSION
Despite the growth in teledentistry research during the COVID-19 pandemic, the use of teledentistry in daily clinical practice is still limited in most countries. Few countries have instituted teledentistry programs at national level. Laws, funding schemes and training are needed to support the incorporation of teledentistry into healthcare systems to institutionalize the practice of teledentistry. Mapping teledentistry practices in other countries and extending services to under-covered populations increases the benefit of teledentistry.
目的
新冠疫情加速了远程牙科研究，出版物数量的增加反映出人们对此的浓厚兴趣。在许多国家，尽管对于将远程牙科纳入实践和医疗体系的程度了解不多，但仍设立了远程牙科项目。本研究旨在报告19个国家与远程牙科实践相关的政策和策略，以及实施过程中的障碍和促进因素。
方法
按国家列出有关信息通信技术（ICT）基础设施、收入水平、健康信息系统（HIS）、电子健康和远程医疗政策的数据。研究人员根据其先前在远程牙科方面的出版物进行挑选，并受邀报告各自国家（包括波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那、加拿大、智利、中国、埃及、芬兰、法国、中国香港特别行政区、伊朗、意大利、利比亚、墨西哥、新西兰、尼日利亚、卡塔尔、沙特阿拉伯、南非、英国、津巴布韦）的情况。
结果
10个（52.6%）国家为高收入国家，11个（57.9%）国家有电子健康政策，7个（36.8%）国家有健康信息系统政策，5个（26.3%）国家有远程医疗政策。6个（31.6%）国家有远程牙科的政策或策略，两个国家未报告有远程牙科项目。远程牙科项目在国家（=5）、中级（省级）（=4）和地方（=8）层面被纳入医疗体系。这些项目在3个国家已确立，在5个国家进行试点，在9个国家为非正式项目。
结论
尽管在新冠疫情期间远程牙科研究有所增长，但在大多数国家，远程牙科在日常临床实践中的应用仍然有限。很少有国家在国家层面设立远程牙科项目。需要法律、资金计划和培训来支持将远程牙科纳入医疗体系，以使远程牙科实践制度化。梳理其他国家的远程牙科实践并将服务扩展到覆盖不足的人群可增加远程牙科的益处。
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