Department of Clinical Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
School of Public Health, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China.
Front Public Health. 2023 Jun 15;11:1142155. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1142155. eCollection 2023.
Hypertension is a significant chronic disease that has been linked with bone mineral density (BMD) in various studies. However, the conclusions are contradictory. The purpose of our study was to identify the bone mineral density (BMD) of postmenopausal females and males older than 50 years with hypertension.
This cross-sectional study of 4,306 participants from the 2005-2010 US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey explored the relationship between BMD and hypertension. Participants who had a mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥140 mmHg, or a mean diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ≥90 mmHg, or were taking any prescribed medicine for high blood pressure were defined as having hypertension. BMD values were measured at the femoral neck and lumbar vertebrae as the primary outcome. Weight general linear model was used to describe the status of BMD in patients with hypertension. Weighted multivariate regression analysis was conducted to demonstrate the association between hypertension and BMD. Weighted restricted cubic spline (RCS) was used to assess the relationship between BMD and SBP and DBP.
Our study found that there was a positive association between hypertension and lumbar BMD and the lumbar BMD was significantly higher in the presence of hypertension than in the control group in both males (1.072 vs. 1.047 g/cm) and females (0.967 vs. 0.938 g/cm; both < 0.05), but a similar pattern was not found in the femoral neck. Meanwhile, lumbar BMD was positively associated with SBP and negatively associated with DBP both in males and females. The prevalence of low bone mass and osteoporosis at the lumbar vertebrae was lower in male patients with hypertension than in the control group. However, no difference was observed among postmenopausal females between the hypertension and control groups.
Hypertension was associated with higher BMD at the lumbar vertebrae in both males older than 50 years and postmenopausal females.
高血压是一种重要的慢性疾病，在各种研究中与骨密度（BMD）有关。然而，结论是相互矛盾的。我们的研究目的是确定患有高血压的 50 岁以上男性和绝经后女性的骨密度（BMD）。
这项横断面研究共纳入了 2005-2010 年美国国家健康和营养调查的 4306 名参与者，探讨了 BMD 与高血压之间的关系。将平均收缩压（SBP）≥140mmHg、平均舒张压（DBP）≥90mmHg 或正在服用任何降压药物的参与者定义为高血压患者。BMD 值作为主要结果在股骨颈和腰椎进行测量。体重一般线性模型用于描述高血压患者的 BMD 状况。进行加权多变量回归分析以显示高血压与 BMD 之间的关联。使用加权限制立方样条（RCS）评估 BMD 与 SBP 和 DBP 之间的关系。
我们的研究发现，高血压与腰椎 BMD 呈正相关，且在男性（1.072 对 1.047g/cm）和女性（0.967 对 0.938g/cm；均<0.05）中，患有高血压的患者腰椎 BMD 明显高于对照组，但在股骨颈中未发现类似模式。同时，腰椎 BMD 与 SBP 呈正相关，与 DBP 呈负相关，在男性和女性中均如此。与对照组相比，患有高血压的男性患者腰椎部位低骨量和骨质疏松症的患病率较低。然而，在绝经后女性中，高血压组与对照组之间没有差异。
高血压与 50 岁以上男性和绝经后女性腰椎 BMD 较高有关。
