Higher Magnesium Depletion Score Increases the Risk of All-cause and Cardiovascular Mortality in Hypertension Participants.

The magnesium depletion score (MDS) is a novel index utilized for evaluating body magnesium status. The present study intended to explore the association of MDS with mortality among hypertension (HTN) participants. In this cohort study, we utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) covering the years 2003 to 2018. MDS levels were categorized into three groups (lower: MDS = 0-1; middle: MDS = 2; higher: MDS = 3-5). Kaplan-Meier curves were employed to illustrate survival differences between groups with varying MDS levels. The relationship between MDS and mortality was assessed through weighted multivariate Cox regression models. Subgroup analyses, along with sensitivity analyses, were also conducted to further explore and validate the findings. This study encompassed 12,485 participants, recording 2537 all-cause deaths and 707 cardiovascular deaths. The Kaplan-Meier curves revealed that the higher MDS group had the highest rates of all-cause and cardiovascular death. (P < 0.001). Controlling for all confounding variables, participants belonging to the higher MDS group demonstrated a substantially elevated risk of mortality in comparison to the lower MDS group (all-cause mortality: hazard ratio (HR) = 1.31, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.10-1.54; cardiovascular mortality: HR = 1.63, 95% CI 1.19-2.22). There were no interaction factors found in subgroup analyses that affected the relationship between MDS and mortality, except for cardiovascular disease. The findings were confirmed to be robust through further sensitivity analyses. Higher MDS levels independently predict an elevated risk of mortality among US adults with HTN. Therefore, MDS may serve as a cost-effective and widely available prognostic marker for HTN.