Wei H, Dong Y J, He M, Chen Y, Shen X M
Department of Nursing, Henan Nursing Vocational College, Anyang 455000, China.
Nursing Department, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China.
Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi. 2023 Jun 20;41(6):429-434. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20220627-00339.
To investigate the functional somatic discomfort status, and to analyze the effect of job stress, hostile attribution bias and ego depletion on functional somatic discomfort in clinical nurses. In May 2019, 10 cities in Henan Province and Fujian Province were randomly selected as sampling cities. Using the stratified cluster sampling method, nurses of clinical nursing posts in 22 third class hospitals and 23 second class hospitals were selected as the research objects. The general information, job stress, hostile attribution bias, ego depletion and functional somatic discomfort of clinical nurses were investigated by self-designed general information questionnaire, Perceived Stress Scale, Social Information Processing-attribution Bias Questionnaire, Self-regulatory Fatigue Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire-15. 1200 clinical nurses included, and a total of 1159 valid questionnaires were collected, the effective rate of questionnaire collection was 96.6%. The test was used to compare the difference of the functional somatic discomfort scores of clinical nurses with different demographic characteristicst. The influence of job stress, hostile attribution bias and ego depletion on functional somatic discomfort of clinical nurses were analyzed with Bootstrap. The functional somatic discomfort score of clinical nurses was (8.95±4.38), of which 859 (74.12%) had functional somatic discomfort symptom. The functional somatic discomfort score of clinical nurses aged 36-50 years old was higher than that of 19-35 years old, the functional somatic discomfort score of clinical nurses with service age ≥5 years was higher than that of <5 years, the functional somatic discomfort score of non-permanent clinical nurses was higher than that of permanent clinical nurses, the functional somatic discomfort score of clinical nurses in tertiary hospitals was higher than that of secondary hospitals, the functional somatic discomfort score of clinical nurses in surgical departments were higher than those in non-surgical departments, and the differences were statistically significant (<0.05). Job stress affected functional somatic discomfort through the single mediating role of hostile attribution bias, the single mediating role of ego depletion, and the chain mediating role of hostile attribution bias and ego depletion (=0.17, 95%: 0.10-0.20; =0.16, 95%: 0.10-0.20; =0.07, 95%: 0.03-0.10; <0.05) . The functional somatic discomfort symptoms of clinical nurses are significant and varied among different age, working age, employment form, hospital grade and department groups. They are affected by work stress directly and through the separate mediating effect of hostile attribution bias and ego depletion, and the chain mediating effect of hostile attribution bias and ego depletion.
为调查临床护士功能性躯体不适状况，分析工作压力、敌意归因偏差和自我损耗对其功能性躯体不适的影响。2019年5月，随机选取河南省和福建省的10个城市作为抽样城市。采用分层整群抽样法，选取22家三级医院和23家二级医院临床护理岗位的护士作为研究对象。通过自行设计的一般资料问卷、领悟社会支持量表、社会信息加工-归因偏差问卷、自我损耗量表、患者健康问卷-15，对临床护士的一般资料、工作压力、敌意归因偏差、自我损耗及功能性躯体不适进行调查。共纳入1200名临床护士，回收有效问卷1159份，问卷有效回收率为96.6%。采用t检验比较不同人口学特征临床护士功能性躯体不适得分的差异。采用Bootstrap法分析工作压力、敌意归因偏差和自我损耗对临床护士功能性躯体不适的影响。临床护士功能性躯体不适得分为（8.95±4.38）分，其中859名（74.12%）有功能性躯体不适症状。36～50岁临床护士功能性躯体不适得分高于19～35岁，护龄≥5年临床护士功能性躯体不适得分高于<5年，非在编临床护士功能性躯体不适得分高于在编临床护士，三级医院临床护士功能性躯体不适得分高于二级医院，外科临床护士功能性躯体不适得分高于非外科，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。工作压力通过敌意归因偏差的单一中介作用、自我损耗的单一中介作用以及敌意归因偏差和自我损耗的链式中介作用影响功能性躯体不适（β=0.17，95%CI：0.10～0.20；β=0.16，95%CI：0.10～0.20；β=0.07，95%CI：0.03～0.10；P<0.05）。临床护士功能性躯体不适症状在不同年龄、护龄、用工形式、医院等级及科室群体中存在差异，且受工作压力直接影响，并通过敌意归因偏差和自我损耗的单独中介效应以及敌意归因偏差和自我损耗的链式中介效应起作用。
