Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
Doctoral School, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
J Hum Nutr Diet. 2023 Oct;36(5):1692-1700. doi: 10.1111/jhn.13199. Epub 2023 Jul 4.
The aim of this study was to find an association between moderate, vigorous and total physical activity (PA); diet quality; and bone mineral density (BMD) among patients suffering from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
We enrolled 54 IBD patients, including those with Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), and 24 healthy adults. All subjects completed the Questionnaire of Eating Behaviour based on which prohealthy and nonhealthy diet indexes were calculated, and the questionnaire included questions from the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Prohealthy and nonhealthy diet indexes were divided into low-, medium- and high scores. BMD and T- and Z-scores of the lumbar spine (L1-L4) and femoral neck (FN) were assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry method.
BMD, T- and Z-scores of the FN and the Z-score of L1-L4 were significantly lower among patients with CD and UC than healthy controls. We did not find any differences in the time of PA among CD, UC and control groups (CG). The prohealthy diet index was higher among healthy subjects than the CD and UC groups. The nonhealthy diet index was lower among UC patients compared with the CG or CD patients. Prohealthy diet index positively correlated with BMD and T- and Z-scores of L1-L4 and FN in IBD. The prohealthy diet index correlated negatively with C-reactive protein and positively with body mass index. The prohealthy diet index correlated only with total PA in the CD group.
A well-balanced diet and proper PA may decrease the risk of osteoporosis in IBD, so education of patients referring to nutrition and PA is needed.
本研究旨在探讨炎症性肠病（IBD）患者的中、高强度体力活动（PA）、饮食质量与骨密度（BMD）之间的关系。
我们招募了 54 名 IBD 患者，包括克罗恩病（CD）和溃疡性结肠炎（UC）患者，以及 24 名健康成年人。所有受试者均完成了饮食行为问卷，根据该问卷计算了健康饮食和非健康饮食指数，问卷包含了国际体力活动问卷中的问题。健康饮食和非健康饮食指数分为低、中、高评分。使用双能 X 射线吸收法评估腰椎（L1-L4）和股骨颈（FN）的 BMD 及 T-和 Z-评分。
与健康对照组相比，CD 和 UC 患者的 FN 和 L1-L4 的 BMD、T-和 Z-评分明显较低。我们没有发现 CD、UC 和对照组之间 PA 时间的差异。健康受试者的健康饮食指数高于 CD 和 UC 组。与 CG 或 CD 患者相比，UC 患者的非健康饮食指数较低。健康饮食指数与 IBD 患者的 L1-L4 和 FN 的 BMD 和 T-和 Z-评分呈正相关。健康饮食指数与 C 反应蛋白呈负相关，与体重指数呈正相关。健康饮食指数仅与 CD 组的总 PA 相关。
均衡的饮食和适当的 PA 可能会降低 IBD 患者发生骨质疏松症的风险，因此需要对患者进行营养和 PA 方面的教育。
