Department of Veterinary Pathology & Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.
Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.
Zoonoses Public Health. 2023 Nov;70(7):636-646. doi: 10.1111/zph.13072. Epub 2023 Jul 4.
Angiostrongylus malaysiensis is a potential zoonotic parasite, which reported to co-occur with A. cantonensis in human cerebrospinal fluid. It is a heteroxenous nematode that primarily develops through the early larval stages in gastropods and attains sexual maturity within rats. This study was conducted to determine the host species responsible for the reservoir of A. malaysiensis and investigate the risk factor for transmission among the hosts in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Sampling was conducted in six recreational parks. The rats were trapped alive using steel wire traps with bait, while the gastropods were collected by active searching. The rats were euthanized and dissected to collect any adult worms observed. The molecular detection of A. malaysiensis was performed by PCR on gastropod tissue samples. Biotic and landscape factors were recorded for risk factor analysis. In total, 82 rats and 330 gastropods were collected throughout the study. Overall, 3.64% of gastropods and 32.9% of rats were infected with A. malaysiensis. Rattus tiomanicus (Malayan wood rat) and Parmarion martensi (Yellow-shelled semi-slug) were found as important hosts for A. malaysiensis. Host species, sampling site and macrohabitat type are risk factors associated with the prevalence of A. malaysiensis infection in rats. For gastropods, host species and sampling site are risk factors that correlate with the parasite detection. In total, 128 adult A. malaysiensis were recovered from the infected rats. The mean intensity of infection with adult A. malaysiensis was 4.65 for Rattus rattus complex and 4.90 for R. tiomanicus. Adult worms were found in the pulmonary artery or right ventricle, while eggs and first-stage larvae were found in capillaries of the caudal lung lobe. Infected lungs showed extravasated red blood cells in the alveolar spaces. The pulmonary arteries in the infected lung lobe were thickened. Kepong Metropolitan Park is the hotspot area for A. malaysiensis in Kuala Lumpur. These results provide essential information for public health officials to develop targeted interventions to reduce the transmission of A. malaysiensis in urban areas, particularly in recreational parks.
马来血管圆线虫是一种潜在的人畜共患寄生虫，有报道称其与广州管圆线虫共同存在于人类脑脊液中。它是一种异宿主线虫，主要在腹足纲动物的早期幼虫阶段发育，并在大鼠体内达到性成熟。本研究旨在确定马来血管圆线虫的宿主物种，以及在马来西亚吉隆坡的宿主之间传播的危险因素。在六个休闲公园进行了采样。使用带诱饵的钢丝陷阱活捕大鼠，而通过主动搜索收集腹足类动物。对大鼠进行安乐死并解剖，以收集观察到的任何成虫。通过聚合酶链反应（PCR）对腹足类组织样本进行马来血管圆线虫的分子检测。记录生物和景观因素以进行危险因素分析。在整个研究过程中，共收集了 82 只大鼠和 330 只腹足类动物。总体而言，3.64%的腹足类动物和 32.9%的大鼠感染了马来血管圆线虫。毛尾鼠（马来亚木鼠）和黄壳半蛞蝓（Yellow-shelled semi-slug）被发现是马来血管圆线虫的重要宿主。宿主物种、采样地点和宏生境类型是与大鼠感染马来血管圆线虫流行率相关的危险因素。对于腹足类动物，宿主物种和采样地点是与寄生虫检测相关的危险因素。共从感染大鼠中回收了 128 条成年马来血管圆线虫。感染毛尾鼠复合体的成年马来血管圆线虫的平均感染强度为 4.65，感染毛尾鼠的平均感染强度为 4.90。成虫发现于肺动脉或右心室，而卵和第一期幼虫发现于尾肺叶的毛细血管中。受感染的肺在肺泡间隙显示出漏出的红细胞。受感染肺叶的肺动脉增厚。甲洞都会公园是吉隆坡马来血管圆线虫的热点区域。这些结果为公共卫生官员提供了重要信息，以便制定有针对性的干预措施，减少城市地区，特别是休闲公园中马来血管圆线虫的传播。
