Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
Department of Anesthesiology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine.
Behav Pharmacol. 2023 Aug 1;34(5):275-286. doi: 10.1097/FBP.0000000000000731. Epub 2023 Jun 22.
Commodity purchase tasks provide a useful method for evaluating behavioral economic demand in the human laboratory. Recent research has shown how responding to purchase tasks for blinded drug administration can be used to study abuse liability. This analysis uses data from a human laboratory study to highlight how similar procedures may be particularly useful for understanding momentary changes in drug valuation when screening novel interventions. Eight nontreatment-seeking participants with cocaine use disorder (one with partial data) were enrolled in a cross-over, double-blind, randomized inpatient study. Participants were maintained on the Food and Drug Administration-approved insomnia medication suvorexant (oral; 0, 5, 10, 20 mg/day) in randomized order with experimental sessions completed after at least 3 days of maintenance on each suvorexant dose. Experimental sessions included administration of a sample dose of 0, 10 and 30 mg/70 kg intravenous cocaine. Analyses focused on purchase tasks for the blinded sample dose as well as alcohol, cigarettes and chocolate completed 15 min after the sample dose. As expected based on abuse liability, near zero demand was observed for placebo with dose-related increases in cocaine demand. Suvorexant maintenance increased cocaine demand in a dose-related manner with the greatest increase observed for the 10 mg/kg cocaine dose. Increased demand under suvorexant maintenance was also observed for alcohol. No effect of cocaine administration was observed for alcohol, cigarette, or chocolate demand. These data support the validity of demand procedures for measuring blinded drug demand. Findings also parallel self-administration data from this study by showing increases in cocaine use motivation under suvorexant maintenance.
商品购买任务为评估人类实验室中的行为经济学需求提供了一种有用的方法。最近的研究表明，如何对盲法药物给药的购买任务做出反应，可以用于研究滥用倾向。本分析使用人类实验室研究的数据，重点介绍了类似的程序如何特别有助于在筛选新干预措施时了解药物评估的瞬间变化。8 名可卡因使用障碍的非治疗寻求者（1 名数据不完整）参与了一项交叉、双盲、随机住院研究。参与者以随机顺序接受美国食品和药物管理局批准的失眠药物苏沃雷克斯坦（口服；0、5、10、20mg/天）治疗，并在每个苏沃雷克斯坦剂量维持至少 3 天后完成实验。实验包括给予 0、10 和 30mg/70kg 静脉内可卡因的样本剂量。分析集中在对盲法样本剂量的购买任务以及在样本剂量后 15 分钟完成的酒精、香烟和巧克力的购买任务上。基于滥用倾向，预计观察到安慰剂的需求接近零，而可卡因的需求则与剂量呈正相关。苏沃雷克斯坦维持以剂量相关的方式增加可卡因的需求，在 10mg/kg 可卡因剂量下观察到最大的增加。苏沃雷克斯坦维持下也观察到酒精的需求增加。可卡因给药对酒精、香烟或巧克力的需求没有影响。这些数据支持用于测量盲法药物需求的需求程序的有效性。研究结果还与该研究的自我给药数据相平行，表明苏沃雷克斯坦维持下可卡因使用动机增加。
