College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China.
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Food Active Substances, College of Food Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China.
Food Funct. 2023 Jul 17;14(14):6320-6345. doi: 10.1039/d2fo03824b.
Anthocyanins are a class of dietary polyphenols that exhibit technological and bioactive-relevant properties. C3G is absorbed in its unmodified molecular form in the upper digestive tract, goes through the extended first-passage metabolism and its metabolites enter the bloodstream. The C3G metabolites possess health benefits such as antioxidant, cardio-protective, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, and anti-thrombotic activities. However, the efficacy and distribution of C3G in the human body are restricted due to its low stability and bioaccessibility. Inspiringly, the lipid-, polysaccharide-, protein-, and nanocapsule-associated conjugates have achieved targeted delivery with enhanced bioaccessibility and controlled release. In this review, the absorption and transportation modes, decomposition and metabolism processes, functional activity mechanisms, and improved methods for enhancing the bioavailability of C3G are summarized. Moreover, the aspects of the gut microbiota regulation, C3G-mediated cytoprotection and different biocompatible materials applications are briefly discussed.
花色苷是一类具有技术和生物活性相关特性的膳食多酚。在上消化道中，C3G 以未修饰的分子形式被吸收，经过延长的首过代谢，其代谢物进入血液。C3G 的代谢物具有抗氧化、心脏保护、抗炎、神经保护、抗癌、抗糖尿病和抗血栓形成等健康益处。然而，由于其低稳定性和生物利用度，C3G 在人体内的功效和分布受到限制。令人鼓舞的是，脂质、多糖、蛋白质和纳米胶囊相关的缀合物已经实现了靶向递送，提高了生物利用度和控制释放。在这篇综述中，总结了 C3G 的吸收和转运方式、分解和代谢过程、功能活性机制以及提高其生物利用度的方法。此外，还简要讨论了肠道微生物群调节、C3G 介导的细胞保护以及不同生物相容性材料应用的相关方面。
