College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
Poult Sci. 2023 Sep;102(9):102900. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102900. Epub 2023 Jun 28.
Excess abdominal fat is a common phenomenon in broiler chickens. Gut microbiota could regulate lipid metabolism through their effects on short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production. This study was conducted to investigate the potential relationship between abdominal fat development and cecal microorganism populations. Abdominal fat and cecum contents were collected at 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 d of age. The results showed that abdominal fat weight increased with age. The abdominal fat percentage was higher between 7 and 21 d of age than at 3 d (P < 0.05), and it increased again at 28 to 42 d (P < 0.05). Morphological analysis showed that adipocyte diameter and cross-sectional area (CSA) increased significantly after 14 d of age (P < 0.05). Moreover, gut microbiota analysis indicated that the Chao1 and Shannon indices were higher between 14 and 28 d than at 3 d of age (P < 0.05). Furthermore, LEfse analysis revealed that Faecalibacterium, Anaerotruncus, Anaeroplasma, Subdoligranulum, and Clostridium emerged to become dominant at 14 d. A greater abundance of Bacteroides, Ruminococcus, Dehalobacterium, and Lactobacillus were determined at 28 d when compared with 14 d of age. Parabacteroides, Ochrobactrum, Lactobacillus, Blautia, Alistipes, Dehalobacterium, Odoribacter, and Suuterella were found to be predominant at 42 d. PICRUSt analysis revealed that amino acid metabolism, lipid metabolism, and terpenoids and polyketides metabolism were elevated at 14 d; the immune and digestive systems were significantly developed at 28 d. In addition, cecum propionic acid and butyric acid contents gradually increased (P < 0.05), while the isobutyric acid contents gradually decreased with advancing age (P < 0.05). Correlation analysis among SCFAs, differential genera and abdominal fat suggested that Coprobacillus, Shigella, and Butyricicoccus had negative correlations with propionic acid, butyric acid, and abdominal fat weight, but positive correlations with isobutyric acid. Isobutyric acid was identified as being negatively associated with abdominal fat weight, while the reverse was found for propionic acid and butyric acid. In conclusion, abdominal fat development is correlated with the emergence of specific microbes and d 14 may be a pivotal age for establishing this relationship.
肉鸡腹脂过多是一种常见现象。肠道微生物群可以通过其对短链脂肪酸 (SCFAs) 产生的影响来调节脂质代谢。本研究旨在探讨腹脂发育与盲肠微生物种群之间的潜在关系。分别在 3、7、14、21、28、35 和 42 日龄时采集腹脂和盲肠内容物。结果表明，腹脂重量随日龄增长而增加。7-21 日龄的腹脂百分比高于 3 日龄（P < 0.05），28-42 日龄时再次增加（P < 0.05）。形态分析表明，14 日龄后脂肪细胞直径和横截面积（CSA）显著增加（P < 0.05）。此外，肠道微生物分析表明，Chao1 和 Shannon 指数在 14-28 日龄时高于 3 日龄（P < 0.05）。进一步的 LEfse 分析表明，Faecalibacterium、Anaerotruncus、Anaeroplasma、Subdoligranulum 和 Clostridium 在 14 日龄时开始占主导地位。与 14 日龄相比，28 日龄时 Bacteroides、Ruminococcus、Dehalobacterium 和 Lactobacillus 的丰度更大。Parabacteroides、Ochrobactrum、Lactobacillus、Blautia、Alistipes、Dehalobacterium、Odoribacter 和 Suuterella 在 42 日龄时占主导地位。PICRUSt 分析表明，14 日龄时氨基酸代谢、脂质代谢和萜类和多酮代谢增加；28 日龄时免疫系统和消化系统显著发育。此外，盲肠丙酸和丁酸含量逐渐增加（P < 0.05），而异丁酸含量随日龄增加逐渐减少（P < 0.05）。SCFAs、差异属与腹脂之间的相关性分析表明，Coprobacillus、Shigella 和 Butyricicoccus 与丙酸、丁酸和腹脂重量呈负相关，与异丁酸呈正相关。异丁酸与腹脂重量呈负相关，而丙酸和丁酸则相反。综上所述，腹脂发育与特定微生物的出现有关，14 日龄可能是建立这种关系的关键年龄。
