Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Nairobi, P.O Box 29053, Nairobi 00625, Kenya.
Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Nairobi, P.O Box 29053, Nairobi 00625, Kenya.
Prev Vet Med. 2023 Aug;217:105967. doi: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2023.105967. Epub 2023 Jun 23.
Sub-Saharan Africa has a growing demand for poultry, but productivity in the sector has not increased to meet this demand. One major constraints in the sector is diseases. Many farmers currently use clinical control measures that involve treating birds with antibiotics upon detecting an infection. However, this approach has presented the misuse of antibiotics, leading to antimicrobial resistance, which could have catastrophic effects going by different projections. We evaluate the uptake of preventive approaches to disease management, otherwise known as biosecurity measures and the effect of the adopted practices on animal health outcome among poultry farmers in Nyanza region of Kenya. The study applies latent class analysis, which is a model-based clustering approach to categorize poultry farmers into low, moderate, and high biosecurity adoption classes. We find low adoption of biosecurity measures across all classes of smallholder poultry farmers in Nyanza. However, correlation analysis show that increased uptake of biosecurity measures is associated with positive poultry health outcomes. This is as demonstrated by lower mortality rates among farmers characterized by higher adoption of biosecurity measures. Lastly, we implement a multinomial logistic regression to assess determinants of class membership and our analysis shows that information access is the greatest driver of biosecurity adoption. Farmers who had access to information on biosecurity measures were 25 % more likely to belong to the class of farmers adopting more biosecurity practices - high adoption class- and 21 % less likely to be in the moderate adopters class. As such, the study recommends enhanced information dissemination to improve the uptake of biosecurity measures.
撒哈拉以南非洲地区对家禽的需求不断增长，但该行业的生产力并未提高以满足这一需求。该行业的一个主要制约因素是疾病。许多农民目前使用临床控制措施，即在发现感染时用抗生素治疗鸟类。然而，这种方法存在抗生素滥用的问题，导致抗药性，根据不同的预测，这可能会产生灾难性的影响。我们评估了肯尼亚 Nyanza 地区家禽养殖户对疾病管理（即生物安全措施）的预防方法的采用情况，以及这些做法对动物健康结果的影响。该研究应用潜在类别分析，这是一种基于模型的聚类方法，将家禽养殖户分为低、中、高生物安全采用类别。我们发现，在 Nyanza 的所有小农户类别中，生物安全措施的采用率都很低。然而，相关分析表明，增加生物安全措施的采用与禽类健康结果呈正相关。这表现为采用更高生物安全措施的农民死亡率更低。最后，我们实施了多项逻辑回归来评估类别成员的决定因素，我们的分析表明，信息获取是生物安全采用的最大驱动力。获得生物安全措施信息的农民更有可能属于采用更多生物安全措施的农民类别（高采用类别），而属于中等采用类别的可能性降低 25%。因此，该研究建议加强信息传播，以提高生物安全措施的采用率。
