Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University.
Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University.
Environ Health Prev Med. 2023;28:42. doi: 10.1265/ehpm.23-00019.
Although life satisfaction (LS) has been shown to predict mortality, research studying the relationship between LS and functional decline is scarce. This study examined the association between LS and functional decline across four time points in young-old Japanese adults.
We analysed 1,899 community-dwelling 65-year-olds in this age-specific cohort study conducted between 2000 and 2005. The Life Satisfaction Index K was used to evaluate LS and was classified into quartiles. Functional decline was determined using the Japanese Long-Term Care Insurance (LTCI) system: 1) mild disability; 2) severe disability; 3) all-cause mortality; 4) mild or severe disability; 5) severe disability or death; 6) mild or severe disability, or death. Adjusted hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using the Cox proportional hazard model. The analyses were conducted in the 8, 10, 12, and 14 years to assess the effect of LS on functional decline across time points.
The impact of LS gradually weakened over time. In the 8 year (aged 72-73), a higher LS was associated with a lower risk of mild or severe disability among the women participants (adjusted HR [95% CI] = 0.30 [0.11-0.81]). However, the effect disappeared gradually (adjusted HR [95% CI] = 0.55 [0.27-1.14]) in the 10 year (aged 74-75), 0.72 (0.41-1.26) in the 12 year (aged 76-77), and 0.68 (0.41-1.14) in the 14 year (aged 78-79). This trend continued in severe disability or death (adjusted HR [95% CI] = 0.24 [0.06-0.70], 0.31 [0.11-0.76], 0.57 [0.28-1.14], and 0.60 [0.32-1.12]) and mild or severe disability, or death (adjusted HR [95% CI] = 0.30 [0.14-0.68], 0.46 [0.24-0.87], 0.67 [0.41-1.10], and 0.65 [0.42-1.02]) in the 8, 10, 12, and 14 years, respectively. No statistically significant association was found among men at any time points or in any classification of outcomes.
Higher LS scores in 65-year-old women were associated with a lower risk for functional decline in any combination of mild disability, severe disability, or death. Additionally, the effect of LS was observed to weaken over time.
This is not an intervention survey and does not require registration.
尽管生活满意度（LS）已被证明与死亡率相关，但研究LS与功能下降之间关系的研究却很少。本研究在四个时间点研究了年轻的日本老年人中 LS 与功能下降之间的关系。
我们分析了这项在 2000 年至 2005 年间进行的特定年龄队列研究中的 1899 名社区居住的 65 岁老年人。使用生活满意度指数 K 评估 LS，并将其分为四分位数。使用日本长期护理保险（LTCI）系统确定功能下降：1）轻度残疾；2）重度残疾；3）全因死亡率；4）轻度或重度残疾；5）重度残疾或死亡；6）轻度或重度残疾，或死亡。使用 Cox 比例风险模型计算调整后的危险比（HR）及其 95%置信区间（CI）。分析在 8 年（72-73 岁）、10 年（74-75 岁）、12 年（76-77 岁）和 14 年（78-79 岁）时进行，以评估 LS 对不同时间点功能下降的影响。
LS 的影响随着时间的推移逐渐减弱。在 8 年（72-73 岁）时，女性参与者的 LS 较高与轻度或重度残疾的风险较低相关（调整后的 HR [95%CI] = 0.30 [0.11-0.81]）。然而，这种影响逐渐消失（调整后的 HR [95%CI] = 0.55 [0.27-1.14]）在 10 年（74-75 岁）、0.72（0.41-1.26）在 12 年（76-77 岁）、0.68（0.41-1.14）在 14 年（78-79 岁）。这种趋势在严重残疾或死亡（调整后的 HR [95%CI] = 0.24 [0.06-0.70]、0.31 [0.11-0.76]、0.57 [0.28-1.14]和 0.60 [0.32-1.12]）和轻度或重度残疾或死亡（调整后的 HR [95%CI] = 0.30 [0.14-0.68]、0.46 [0.24-0.87]、0.67 [0.41-1.10]和 0.65 [0.42-1.02]）在 8、10、12 和 14 年时也保持一致。在任何时间点或任何结果分类中，男性均未显示出统计学上的显著关联。
65 岁女性的 LS 评分较高与任何组合的轻度残疾、重度残疾或死亡的功能下降风险较低相关。此外，LS 的影响随着时间的推移而减弱。
这不是一项干预调查，不需要注册。
