Centre of Lipid Engineering and Applied Research (CLEAR), Ibnu Sina Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM Johor Bahru Campus, 81310, Johor Bahru, Malaysia.
Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, 88400, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia.
Sci Rep. 2023 Jul 5;13(1):10871. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-32181-8.
The purpose of this work was to establish the best particle size for recovering high yields of total phenolic compounds (TPC), total anthocyanin compounds(TAC) and total flavonoid compounds (TFC) from roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) by applying supercritical carbon dioxide (ScCO). The extraction rate, diffusivity and solubility of yield in ScCO were also studied and calculated utilizing models. Pressure (10 and 30 MPa), temperature (40 and 60 °C), and particle size (250 µm < dp < 355 µm, 355 µm < dp < 425 µm and 425 µm < dp < 500 µm) were employed as variables in this experiment. The greatest recovery was 11.96% yield, 7.16 mg/100 g TAC, 42.93 mg/100 g TPC and 239.36 mg/100 g TFC under the conditions of 30 MPA, 40 °C and 250 µm < dp < 355 µm, respectively. The extraction rate of supercritical carbon dioxide in roselle extraction ranged from 5.19 E-03 to 1.35 E-03 mg/s fitted using the Esquivel model. The diffusivity coefficient of ScCO ranged from 2.17E-12 to 3.72E-11 mg/s, as fitted by a single sphere model. The greatest solubility of global yield, TAC, TPC and TFC in ScCO was 1.50 g/L, 0.3 mg/L, 1.69 mg/L and 9.97 mg/L, respectively, with a particle size of 250 µm < dp < 355 µm. The smaller particle size of roselle provides the maximum bioactive compound recovery and solubility. Furthermore, the diffusivity and extraction of ScCO are increased by decreasing the particle size. Therefore, a smaller particle size is appropriate for roselle extraction by ScCO based on the experimental and modelling data.
本工作旨在通过超临界二氧化碳（ScCO2）应用确定回收洛神花（Hibiscus sabdariffa）中总酚化合物（TPC）、总花青素化合物（TAC）和总类黄酮化合物（TFC）的最佳粒径，利用模型研究和计算了 ScCO2 中的提取率、扩散率和产率溶解度。压力（10 和 30 MPa）、温度（40 和 60°C）和粒径（250 µm < dp < 355 µm、355 µm < dp < 425 µm 和 425 µm < dp < 500 µm）被用作该实验的变量。在 30 MPa、40°C 和 250 µm < dp < 355 µm 的条件下，最大收率为 11.96%、7.16 mg/100 g TAC、42.93 mg/100 g TPC 和 239.36 mg/100 g TFC。利用 Esquivel 模型拟合，超临界二氧化碳在洛神花提取中的提取速率在 5.19 E-03 至 1.35 E-03 mg/s 之间。采用单球模型拟合，ScCO2 的扩散系数在 2.17E-12 至 3.72E-11 mg/s 之间。在粒径为 250 µm < dp < 355 µm 的情况下，ScCO2 中总产率、TAC、TPC 和 TFC 的最大溶解度分别为 1.50 g/L、0.3 mg/L、1.69 mg/L 和 9.97 mg/L。洛神花的粒径越小，生物活性化合物的回收率和溶解度越高。此外，通过减小粒径可以提高 ScCO2 的扩散率和提取率。因此，根据实验和模型数据，较小的粒径适合 ScCO2 提取洛神花。
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