School of Management, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China.
Research Institute of Digital Governance and Management Decision Innovation, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China.
Chaos. 2023 Jul 1;33(7). doi: 10.1063/5.0155724.
The dilemma of global public issues is a grave challenge, characterized by conflicts between rich and poor nations, and a lack of national consensus on future benefits. The impact of initial wealth heterogeneity on the emergence of cooperation in collective risk dilemmas has been a topic of intense debate. In this study, we examine the impact of endogenous endowment heterogeneity on cooperation in collective risk dilemmas. Using a two-stage game model with endogenous endowments, we investigate the dynamics of cooperation and the potential stable-state composition of the population under various parameters. Simulation results show that a higher risk probability leads to greater investment. Besides, cooperative behavior thrives when individuals are encouraged to achieve higher targets by setting small contribution ratios in multiple stages. Moreover, the promotion of cooperation by the benefit coefficient of the first-stage public goods game is influenced by the second-stage contribution ratio. Generally, a higher enhancement factor increases the likelihood of averting risk. However, when the contribution ratio is in the middle range, a moderate level of the enhancement factor yields the best performance in terms of risk aversion. Our findings have offered some information for real-life collective risk games that involve economic game relations between countries.
全球公共问题的困境是一个严峻的挑战，其特征是富国和穷国之间的冲突，以及各国对未来利益缺乏共识。初始财富异质性对集体风险困境中合作出现的影响一直是激烈争论的话题。在这项研究中，我们考察了内生禀赋异质性对集体风险困境中合作的影响。我们使用具有内生禀赋的两阶段博弈模型，研究了在各种参数下合作的动态和人口的潜在稳定状态组成。模拟结果表明，较高的风险概率导致更大的投资。此外，当通过在多个阶段设置较小的贡献比例来鼓励个人实现更高的目标时，合作行为蓬勃发展。此外，第一阶段公共物品博弈的收益系数对合作的促进作用受到第二阶段贡献比例的影响。一般来说，较高的增强因子增加了规避风险的可能性。然而，当贡献比例处于中间范围时，增强因子的适度水平在规避风险方面表现最佳。我们的研究结果为涉及国家间经济博弈关系的现实集体风险博弈提供了一些信息。
