Public Health Practice, Westat, Inc, Rockville, MD, USA.
Department of Ophthalmology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 2024 Jun;31(3):220-228. doi: 10.1080/09286586.2023.2232038. Epub 2023 Jul 5.
We compared recruitment of participants at high risk for glaucoma and other eye diseases in three community-based studies designed to improve access to eye care in underserved populations in New York City, Alabama, and Michigan.
We used (1) participant data collected at enrollment (e.g. demographic, medical conditions, healthcare access, and method of hearing about study) and (2) interviews with study staff to assess effective recruitment strategies in enrolling people at high risk for eye disease. We analyzed participant data using descriptive statistics and interview data using content analysis to categorize responses to questions.
In these community-based studies, all sites recruited greater proportions of populations with increased risk of eye disease compared to their estimates in the US population. High-risk characteristics varied based on the setting (i.e. Federally Qualified Health Centers or affordable housing buildings). Older adults represented 35% to 57%; 43% to 56% identified as Black; 1% to 40% as Hispanic/Latino; 20% to 42% reported a family history of glaucoma; 32% to 61% reported diabetes; and 50% to 67% reported high blood pressure. Social risk factors for under-utilization of eye care due to poverty included that 43% to 70% of participants had high school or lower education; 16% to 40% were employed; and 7% and 31% had no health insurance. From a qualitative perspective, active, personalized, culturally sensitive methods were most effective in recruiting participants.
Implementing eye disease detection interventions in community-based settings facilitated recruiting individuals at high risk for glaucoma and other eye diseases.
我们比较了在三个旨在改善纽约市、阿拉巴马州和密歇根州服务不足人群获得眼保健机会的基于社区的研究中招募有青光眼和其他眼病高危人群的情况。
我们使用了（1）参与者在入组时收集的资料（例如人口统计学、医疗状况、医疗保健获取情况以及了解研究的方法）和（2）对研究人员的访谈，以评估招募有眼病高危人群的有效策略。我们使用描述性统计分析参与者数据，并使用内容分析对访谈数据进行分类，以对问题的回答进行分类。
在这些基于社区的研究中，所有地点招募的患有眼病高危人群的比例均高于美国人口的估计值。高危特征因环境而异（即合格的联邦医疗保险医疗机构或经济适用房）。老年人占 35%至 57%；43%至 56%为黑人；1%至 40%为西班牙裔/拉丁裔；20%至 42%报告有青光眼家族史；32%至 61%报告患有糖尿病；50%至 67%报告患有高血压。由于贫困导致眼科保健利用率低下的社会风险因素包括，43%至 70%的参与者受教育程度为高中或以下；16%至 40%的人有工作；7%和 31%的人没有医疗保险。从定性的角度来看，积极、个性化、敏感文化的方法在招募参与者方面最有效。
在基于社区的环境中实施眼病检测干预措施有助于招募有青光眼和其他眼病高危人群的个体。
