Ahmadi Ghezeldasht Sanaz, Soleimanpour Saman, Hedayati-Moghaddam Mohammad Reza, Farshchian Moein, Rezaee Seyed Abdolrahim, Mosavat Arman
Blood Borne Infections Research Center, Academic Center for Education, Culture, and Research (ACECR), Razavi Khorasan, Mashhad, Iran.
Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Bu-Ali Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
J Virus Erad. 2023 Jun 19;9(2):100333. doi: 10.1016/j.jve.2023.100333. eCollection 2023 Jun.
One third of the world population has a history of exposure to the hepatitis B virus (HBV), and two billion people are infected with latent tuberculosis (TB). Occult hepatitis B infection (OBI) is defined as the presence of replicative-competent HBV DNA in the liver with detectable or undetectable HBV DNA in the serum of individuals testing negative for the HBV surface antigen (HBsAg). Screening with HBV DNA could identify OBI and significantly reduce carriers and complications of chronic hepatitis B (CHB). This study aims to assess HBV serological markers and OBI molecular diagnosis among people with TB in Mashhad, northeastern Iran. We have performed HBV serological markers (HBsAg, HBc antibodies (Ab) and HBs Ab) in 175 participants. Fourteen HBsAg sera were excluded for further analysis. The presence of HBV DNA (, , and gene regions) was assessed by the qualitative real-time PCR (qPCR) method. Frequencies of HBsAg, HBc, and HBs Ab were 8% (14/175), 36.6% (64/175), and 49.1% (86/175), respectively. Among these 42.9% (69/161) were negative for all HBV serological markers. The , , and gene regions were positive in 10.3% (16/156), 15.4% (24/156), and 22.4% (35/156) of participants, respectively. The total OBI frequency was estimated at 33.3% (52/156) when based on detecting one HBV genomic region. Twenty-two and 30 participants had a seronegative and seropositive OBI, respectively. Thorough screening of high-risk groups with reliable and sensitive molecular methods could lead to OBI identification and decrease CHB long-term complications. Mass immunization remains critical in preventing, reducing, and potentially eliminating HBV complications.
全球三分之一的人口曾接触过乙型肝炎病毒（HBV），20亿人感染了潜伏性结核病（TB）。隐匿性乙型肝炎感染（OBI）的定义为，在乙型肝炎表面抗原（HBsAg）检测呈阴性的个体血清中，肝脏存在具有复制能力的HBV DNA，血清中HBV DNA可检测到或检测不到。通过HBV DNA筛查可识别OBI，并显著减少慢性乙型肝炎（CHB）携带者及并发症。本研究旨在评估伊朗东北部马什哈德结核病患者的HBV血清学标志物及OBI分子诊断情况。我们对175名参与者进行了HBV血清学标志物检测（HBsAg、乙肝核心抗体（Ab）和乙肝表面抗体）。排除14份HBsAg血清用于进一步分析。采用定性实时聚合酶链反应（qPCR）方法评估HBV DNA（S、C和X基因区域）的存在情况。HBsAg、HBc和HBs Ab的频率分别为8%（14/175）、36.6%（64/175）和49.1%（86/175）。在这些人中，42.9%（69/161）的所有HBV血清学标志物均为阴性。S、C和X基因区域分别在10.3%（16/156）、15.4%（24/156）和22.4%（35/156）的参与者中呈阳性。基于检测一个HBV基因组区域，OBI总频率估计为33.3%（52/156）。分别有22名和30名参与者为血清阴性和血清阳性OBI。采用可靠且灵敏的分子方法对高危人群进行全面筛查可识别OBI，并减少CHB的长期并发症。大规模免疫接种对于预防、减少并可能消除HBV并发症仍然至关重要。
