Alsamman Alsamman M, Mousa Khaled H, Nassar Ahmed E, Faheem Mostafa M, Radwan Khaled H, Adly Monica H, Hussein Ahmed, Istanbuli Tawffiq, Mokhtar Morad M, Elakkad Tamer Ahmed, Kehel Zakaria, Hamwieh Aladdin, Abdelsattar Mohamed, El Allali Achraf
Agricultural Genetic Engineering Research Institute (AGERI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt.
International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Giza, Egypt.
Front Genet. 2023 Jun 20;14:1187597. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1187597. eCollection 2023.
Grass pea is a promising crop with the potential to provide food and fodder, but its genomics has not been adequately explored. Identifying genes for desirable traits, such as drought tolerance and disease resistance, is critical for improving the plant. Grass pea currently lacks known R-genes, including the nucleotide-binding site-leucine-rich repeat (NBS-LRR) gene family, which plays a key role in protecting the plant from biotic and abiotic stresses. In our study, we used the recently published grass pea genome and available transcriptomic data to identify 274 NBS-LRR genes. The evolutionary relationships between the classified genes on the reported plants and LsNBS revealed that 124 genes have TNL domains, while 150 genes have CNL domains. All genes contained exons, ranging from 1 to 7. Ten conserved motifs with lengths ranging from 16 to 30 amino acids were identified. We found TIR-domain-containing genes in 132 LsNBSs, with 63 TIR-1 and 69 TIR-2, and RX-CCLike in 84 LsNBSs. We also identified several popular motifs, including P-loop, Uup, kinase-GTPase, ABC, ChvD, CDC6, Rnase_H, Smc, CDC48, and SpoVK. According to the gene enrichment analysis, the identified genes undergo several biological processes such as plant defense, innate immunity, hydrolase activity, and DNA binding. In the upstream regions, 103 transcription factors were identified that govern the transcription of nearby genes affecting the plant excretion of salicylic acid, methyl jasmonate, ethylene, and abscisic acid. According to RNA-Seq expression analysis, 85% of the encoded genes have high expression levels. Nine LsNBS genes were selected for qPCR under salt stress conditions. The majority of the genes showed upregulation at 50 and 200 M NaCl. However, , , and showed reduced or drastic downregulation compared to their respective expression levels, providing further insights into the potential functions of LsNBSs under salt stress conditions. They provide valuable insights into the potential functions of LsNBSs under salt stress conditions. Our findings also shed light on the evolution and classification of NBS-LRR genes in legumes, highlighting the potential of grass pea. Further research could focus on the functional analysis of these genes, and their potential use in breeding programs to improve the salinity, drought, and disease resistance of this important crop.
草豌豆是一种很有前景的作物，有潜力提供食物和饲料，但其基因组学尚未得到充分探索。鉴定出具有耐旱和抗病等优良性状的基因对于改良这种植物至关重要。草豌豆目前缺乏已知的R基因，包括核苷酸结合位点富含亮氨酸重复序列（NBS-LRR）基因家族，该家族在保护植物免受生物和非生物胁迫方面起着关键作用。在我们的研究中，我们利用最近公布的草豌豆基因组和可用的转录组数据鉴定出274个NBS-LRR基因。已报道植物上分类基因与LsNBS之间的进化关系表明，124个基因具有TNL结构域，而150个基因具有CNL结构域。所有基因都含有外显子，数量从1到7个不等。鉴定出了10个长度在16到30个氨基酸之间的保守基序。我们在132个LsNBS中发现了含TIR结构域的基因，其中63个为TIR-1，69个为TIR-2，在84个LsNBS中发现了RX-CCLike。我们还鉴定出了几个常见基序，包括P环、Uup、激酶-鸟苷三磷酸酶、ABC、ChvD、CDC6、核糖核酸酶H、SMC、CDC48和SpoVK。根据基因富集分析，鉴定出的基因参与了植物防御、先天免疫、水解酶活性和DNA结合等多个生物学过程。在上游区域，鉴定出了103个转录因子，它们调控附近影响植物水杨酸、茉莉酸甲酯、乙烯和脱落酸分泌的基因的转录。根据RNA测序表达分析，85%的编码基因具有高表达水平。在盐胁迫条件下选择了9个LsNBS基因进行定量聚合酶链反应。大多数基因在50和200 mM NaCl浓度下表现出上调。然而， 、 和 与其各自的表达水平相比表现出降低或急剧下调，这为盐胁迫条件下LsNBS的潜在功能提供了进一步见解。它们为盐胁迫条件下LsNBS的潜在功能提供了有价值的见解。我们的研究结果还揭示了豆科植物中NBS-LRR基因的进化和分类，突出了草豌豆的潜力。进一步的研究可以集中在这些基因的功能分析以及它们在育种计划中的潜在用途，以提高这种重要作物的耐盐性、耐旱性和抗病性。
