Hernández L L, Valentine J D, Powell D A
Behav Neurosci. 1986 Aug;100(4):494-503. doi: 10.1037//0735-7044.100.4.494.
Rabbits were tested for Pavlovian conditioning and extinction of eye blink and heart rate responses, following water or various doses of ethanol (375-1,500 mg/kg, po). The highest dose suppressed both eye blink and heart rate conditioning during training, whereas the lowest dose enhanced heart rate responses during training and increased eye blink responses during later extinction in a symmetrically state-dependent manner. An intermediate dose (750 mg/kg) administered during training enhanced heart rate responses and suppressed eye blink responses but increased eye blink responses during later extinction following either ethanol or water. Ethanol treatments also suppressed unconditioned responses to shock and increased locomotor activity in rabbits; however, these effects differed qualitatively from those that occurred during Pavlovian training and extinction. These results suggest that very low doses of ethanol can enhance the ability of stimuli to elicit Pavlovian conditioned reflexes and impair the ability to adaptively modify these reflexes when stimulus contingencies later change.
对兔子进行巴甫洛夫条件反射测试以及眨眼和心率反应的消退测试，测试前给予水或不同剂量的乙醇（375 - 1500毫克/千克，口服）。最高剂量在训练期间抑制了眨眼和心率条件反射，而最低剂量在训练期间增强了心率反应，并在随后的消退过程中以对称的状态依赖方式增加了眨眼反应。训练期间给予的中等剂量（750毫克/千克）增强了心率反应并抑制了眨眼反应，但在随后给予乙醇或水后的消退过程中增加了眨眼反应。乙醇处理还抑制了兔子对休克的非条件反应并增加了其运动活性；然而，这些效应在性质上与巴甫洛夫训练和消退期间出现的效应不同。这些结果表明，极低剂量的乙醇可以增强刺激引发巴甫洛夫条件反射的能力，并在刺激意外情况随后改变时损害适应性改变这些反射的能力。
