Hernández L L, Powell D A
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1986;88(1):75-81. doi: 10.1007/BF00310516.
Yoked pairs of rabbits received conditioning and extinction of eyeblink and heart rate responses using aversive Pavlovian versus instrumental avoidance contingencies. A low dose of ethanol (375 mg/kg) increased the amplitude of conditioned eyeblink responses during training and during subsequent extinction following either ethanol or water; this effect was more pronounced in the Pavlovian than the instrumental contingency groups. Ethanol treatment did not affect the cardiac component of the Orienting Reflex to novel tones or heart rate conditioned responses to tone signals, but did bias heart rate responses to tone-shock stimulus pairs in a parasympathetic direction; this effect occurred in both contingency groups but appeared to involve associative factors. These results support the conclusion that mild ethanol intoxication enhances the acquisition of Pavlovian conditioned reflexes, and impairs the ability to modify these responses when stimulus contingencies later change.
将成对的兔子进行配对，分别使用厌恶性巴甫洛夫条件反射与工具性回避条件反射来对眨眼和心率反应进行条件化和消退训练。低剂量乙醇（375毫克/千克）在训练期间以及随后无论是给予乙醇还是水的消退过程中，都会增加条件化眨眼反应的幅度；这种效应在巴甫洛夫条件反射组中比在工具性条件反射组中更为明显。乙醇处理对新音调引发的定向反射的心脏成分或对音调信号的心率条件反应没有影响，但确实使对音调-电击刺激对的心率反应偏向副交感神经方向；这种效应在两个条件反射组中都出现了，但似乎涉及联想因素。这些结果支持了这样的结论，即轻度乙醇中毒会增强巴甫洛夫条件反射的习得，并在刺激条件随后改变时损害修改这些反应的能力。
