Mwakalikamo Joshua, Sankwa Emili, Aunger Robert
Project CLEAR, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
London School of Health and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Environ Health Insights. 2023 Jun 27;17:11786302231180405. doi: 10.1177/11786302231180405. eCollection 2023.
In 2017, Tanzania was one of the countries in the world with the lowest proportion of households having access to improved toilets. Between 2017 and 2021, the government launched a national sanitation campaign under the brand . The objective of this paper is to assess the impact of one component of this campaign, "direct consumer contact" events, on the coverage of improved household latrines in Tanzania. Secondary data from both the National Sanitation Management Information System (NSMIS; https://nsmis.moh.go.tz/) and internal project reports were used to extract data on coverage and dates of events, respectively. Regression estimation models were used to estimate impact at ward and regional levels. The study used quarterly panel data from all 26 regions between 2017 (baseline) and 2020 (endline) for estimation purposes. The study shows that direct consumer contact events had a significant positive effect on the rate at which households subsequently improved their toilets at both small and large scale in Tanzania. On average, the rate of household latrine improvement increased by 12.91% at ward level and 14.17% at regional level. These results testify to the importance of designing an effective behavioral change campaign to achieve significant improvements in sanitation coverage.
2017年，坦桑尼亚是世界上使用改良厕所的家庭比例最低的国家之一。2017年至2021年期间，政府发起了一项名为“[品牌名称]”的全国卫生运动。本文的目的是评估该运动的一个组成部分“直接消费者接触”活动对坦桑尼亚改良家庭厕所覆盖率的影响。分别利用国家卫生管理信息系统（NSMIS；https://nsmis.moh.go.tz/）的二手数据和内部项目报告提取覆盖率和活动日期的数据。回归估计模型用于估计在行政区和区域层面的影响。为了进行估计，该研究使用了2017年（基线）至2020年（终线）期间所有26个地区的季度面板数据。研究表明，直接消费者接触活动对坦桑尼亚家庭随后大规模和小规模改善厕所的速度产生了显著的积极影响。平均而言，行政区层面家庭厕所改善率提高了12.91%，区域层面提高了14.17%。这些结果证明了设计有效的行为改变运动以实现卫生覆盖率显著提高的重要性。
