Adere Ashete, Bedru Mohammed, Afework Mekbeb
Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Department of Adult Cardiology, Cardiac Center of Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Int J Gen Med. 2023 Jul 4;16:2849-2856. doi: 10.2147/IJGM.S420591. eCollection 2023.
The leading global contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality is valvular heart disease. It is on the rise worldwide, including in the developing countries. However, the prevalence, patterns, and etiologies of valvular heart disease have not been well studied in Ethiopia. Hence, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence, patterns, and etiologies of valvular heart disease at the Cardiac Center of Ethiopia from February 2000 to April 2022.
This institution-based retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted between February 2000 and April 2022. Data from three thousand two hundred fifty-seven VHD were extracted from the electronic medical records and analyzed using SPSS version 25. Descriptive statistics, such as the frequency, mean ± standard deviation, and cross tabulations, were used to summarize the data.
Of 10,588 total cardiac cases registered and treated at the Cardiac Centre of Ethiopia from February 2000 to April 2022, 30.8% (3257) were diagnosed with VHD. The most typical diagnosis for VHD was multi-valvular involvement, which accounted for 49.5% of cases (1612), followed by pulmonary stenosis (15%) and mitral regurgitation (14.3%). Females were more likely to develop valve diseases than males, being at the highest risk for each identified etiology of valve disease 1928 (59.2%). The majority percentages of the population affected by VHD were between 18 and 44 age category 1473 (45.2%). The most common etiology of VHD was rheumatic 2015 (61.87%), followed by congenital origin 828 (25.42%).
VHD affects nearly one-third of all cardiac cases admitted to the hospital. Multi-valvular involvement is the most commonly diagnosed form of VHD. Rheumatic causes were more prevalent in this study. As found in this study, VHD affects a significant percentage of the population, which in turn could have an impact on the country's economy and deserve attention as a possible means of intervention.
全球心血管疾病发病和死亡的主要原因是心脏瓣膜病。在全球范围内，包括发展中国家，其发病率都在上升。然而，埃塞俄比亚尚未对心脏瓣膜病的患病率、模式和病因进行充分研究。因此，本研究的目的是评估2000年2月至2022年4月期间埃塞俄比亚心脏中心心脏瓣膜病的患病率、模式和病因。
本研究为基于机构的回顾性横断面研究，于2000年2月至2022年4月期间进行。从电子病历中提取了3257例心脏瓣膜病的数据，并使用SPSS 25版进行分析。采用频率、均值±标准差和交叉表等描述性统计方法对数据进行总结。
在2000年2月至2022年4月期间在埃塞俄比亚心脏中心登记并接受治疗的10588例心脏病例中，30.8%（3257例）被诊断为心脏瓣膜病。心脏瓣膜病最典型的诊断是多瓣膜受累，占病例的49.5%（1612例），其次是肺动脉狭窄（15%）和二尖瓣反流（14.3%）。女性比男性更容易患瓣膜疾病，在每种已确定的瓣膜病病因中风险最高，为1928例（59.2%）。受心脏瓣膜病影响的大多数人群年龄在18至44岁之间，为1473例（45.2%）。心脏瓣膜病最常见的病因是风湿性，为201�例（61.87%），其次是先天性病因，为828例（25.42%）。
心脏瓣膜病影响了近三分之一入住该医院的心脏病例。多瓣膜受累是心脏瓣膜病最常见的诊断形式。在本研究中，风湿性病因更为普遍。如本研究所示，心脏瓣膜病影响了相当比例的人群，这反过来可能会对该国经济产生影响，作为一种可能的干预手段值得关注。
