Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Behavior, School of Integrative Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801, USA.
Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801, USA.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2023 Aug 28;378(1884):20220141. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2022.0141. Epub 2023 Jul 10.
Amphibians exhibit an incredible diversity of reproductive and life-history strategies, including various forms of nest construction and nesting behaviour. Although anuran amphibians (frogs and toads) are not known for their nests, nesting behaviour in this clade-broadly defined as a location chosen or constructed for eggs and young-is tightly linked to the amphibious lifestyle of this group. Transitions to increasingly terrestrial living have driven reproductive diversity in anurans, including the repeated, independent evolution of nests and nesting. Indeed, a core feature of many notable anuran adaptations-including nesting behaviour-is the maintenance of an aquatic environment for developing offspring. The tight link between increasingly terrestrial reproduction and morphological, physiological and behavioural diversity in anurans provides inroads for studying the evolutionary ecology of nests, their architects and their contents. This review provides an overview of nests and nesting behaviour in anurans, highlighting areas where additional work may be particularly fruitful. I take an intentionally broad view of what constitutes nesting to highlight what we can learn from thinking and researching comparatively across anurans and vertebrates more broadly. This article is part of the theme issue 'The evolutionary ecology of nests: a cross-taxon approach'.
两栖动物表现出令人难以置信的多样性的生殖和生活史策略，包括各种形式的巢结构和筑巢行为。虽然无尾两栖类（青蛙和蟾蜍）并不以其巢而闻名，但这个类群广泛定义的筑巢行为是指为卵和幼体选择或建造的位置，与该群体的两栖生活方式紧密相关。向越来越陆地化的生活方式的转变推动了无尾两栖类的生殖多样性，包括巢和筑巢的重复、独立进化。事实上，许多显著的无尾两栖类适应特征——包括筑巢行为——的核心特征是为发育后代维持一个水生环境。无尾两栖类中越来越陆地化的生殖与形态、生理和行为多样性之间的紧密联系为研究巢、巢的建筑师及其内容的进化生态学提供了途径。这篇综述概述了无尾两栖类的巢和筑巢行为，强调了在哪些领域额外的工作可能特别有成效。我有意从更广泛的角度来考虑什么是筑巢，以强调从比较无尾两栖类和更广泛的脊椎动物的角度来思考和研究可以学到什么。本文是主题为“巢的进化生态学：跨分类群方法”的一部分。
