Shokri Abbas, Ehsani Azita, Yousefi Arman
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Dental Implants Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
Oral Radiol. 2023 Oct;39(4):779-783. doi: 10.1007/s11282-023-00698-3. Epub 2023 Jul 10.
Bifid mandibular canal (MC) is an anatomical variation of the MC. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and shape of bifid MC in an Iranian population.
A total of 681 patients who had undergone cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) for different purposes between 2018 and 2020 were evaluated. After detection, bifid MCs were classified into four types forward, buccolingual, dental, and retromolar. CBCT images were assessed by two oral and maxillofacial radiologists. Data were analyzed by SPSS using an independent t-test and Chi-square test.
Bifid MC was found in 23 (3.4%) out of 681 patients, with a mean age of 32.21 years. Ten patients (1.5%) had a bifid MC on the right side, 6 (0.9%) on the left side, and 7 (1%) bilaterally. However, no significant correlation was found between laterality and the prevalence of bifid MC (P > 0.05). Bifid MC was found in 8 males (34.8%) and 15 females (65.2%). Gender had no significant correlation with the prevalence of bifid MC (P > 0.05). Forward type was the most common (n = 8, 1.2%) followed by buccolingual (n = 5, 0.73%), dental (n = 2, 0.3%), and retromolar (n = 1, 0.14%) types.
According to the present results, bifid MC was not uncommon in the Iranian population of the present study, and forward type was the most common, followed by buccal and then dental bifid MCs. There was no significant correlation between sex and age with bifid MC but bifid MC was detected more frequently in females than males, and it was seen unilaterally in a higher percentage of the cases.
双叉下颌管是下颌管的一种解剖变异。本研究旨在评估伊朗人群中双叉下颌管的发生率及形态。
对2018年至2020年间因不同目的接受锥形束计算机断层扫描（CBCT）的681例患者进行评估。发现双叉下颌管后，将其分为向前型、颊舌型、牙型和磨牙后型四种类型。由两名口腔颌面放射科医生评估CBCT图像。使用SPSS软件通过独立t检验和卡方检验对数据进行分析。
681例患者中有23例（3.4%）发现双叉下颌管，平均年龄为32.21岁。10例患者（1.5%）右侧有双叉下颌管，6例（0.9%）左侧有双叉下颌管，7例（1%）双侧均有。然而，双叉下颌管的发生率与左右侧别之间未发现显著相关性（P>0.05）。发现8例男性（34.8%）和15例女性（65.2%）有双叉下颌管。性别与双叉下颌管的发生率无显著相关性（P>0.05）。向前型最为常见（n = 8，1.2%），其次是颊舌型（n = 5，0.73%）、牙型（n =
2，0.3%）和磨牙后型（n = 1，0.14%）。
根据目前的结果，在本研究的伊朗人群中双叉下颌管并不罕见，向前型最为常见，其次是颊侧双叉下颌管和牙型双叉下颌管。性别和年龄与双叉下颌管无显著相关性，但女性中双叉下颌管的检出率高于男性，且单侧出现的比例更高。
