Deptartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences.
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences.
J Craniofac Surg. 2023;34(8):e767-e771. doi: 10.1097/SCS.0000000000009662. Epub 2023 Sep 4.
This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and type of mandibular canal branching in a sample of the Iranian population through cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. This cross-sectional study was performed on CBCT records of 300 patients (112 males and 188 females; mean age 30.14 ± 10.96 y). The presence of mandibular canal branch (MCB) was evaluated by reconstructing multiple panoramic views and buccolingual cross-sections, according to Naitoh's classification. The prevalence of MCB, the type of MCB, and the demographic information of all patients were recorded. The maximum number of branching and the maximum type of branching were also registered for each patient. Mandibular canal branching was observed in 131(43.7%) of 300 CBCT images without side or sex differences ( P > 0.05). The most frequent type was dental, followed by the retromolar, forward, and buccolingual types, respectively. There was a statistically higher frequency of retromolar canal in females than in males (odds ratio: 1.14 ± 4.25; P = 0.013). About 46% of patients with MCB had more than one accessory canal and 29% displayed more than one type of MCB. The coincidence of dental and retromolar canals in a patient was the most prevalent combination. Considering the relatively high prevalence of MCB (43.7%), it is recommended to keep in mind the possibility of anatomical variations of the inferior alveolar nerve during dental procedures to avoid postsurgical complications. The high possibility of observing multiple numbers and types of branching in the patients should also be considered during preoperative assessments.
本研究旨在通过锥形束 CT（CBCT）图像评估伊朗人群下颌管分支的流行率和类型。这是一项横断面研究，对 300 名患者（112 名男性和 188 名女性；平均年龄 30.14 ± 10.96 岁）的 CBCT 记录进行了研究。根据 Naitoh 的分类，通过重建多个全景视图和颊舌横断面来评估下颌管分支（MCB）的存在。记录了 MCB 的流行率、MCB 的类型以及所有患者的人口统计学信息。还为每位患者记录了最大分支数和最大分支类型。在 300 个 CBCT 图像中，观察到 131 个（43.7%）无侧别或性别差异（P > 0.05）的 MCB。最常见的类型是牙型，其次是磨牙后型、前型和颊舌型。女性磨牙后管的频率明显高于男性（优势比：1.14 ± 4.25；P = 0.013）。约 46%的 MCB 患者有一个以上的副根管，29%的患者有一个以上的 MCB 类型。MCB 患者中牙型和磨牙后型同时存在的比例最高。考虑到 MCB 的相对高流行率（43.7%），建议在牙科手术中注意下牙槽神经的解剖变异的可能性，以避免术后并发症。在术前评估中还应考虑到患者存在多个分支数量和类型的可能性。
