College of Food Engineering, Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Cold Region Wetland Ecology and Environment Research, Harbin University, Harbin 150086, China.
College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
Nutrients. 2023 Apr 28;15(9):2123. doi: 10.3390/nu15092123.
subsp. X12 was obtained from traditional cheese produced in northwestern China. In this study, we showed that whole peptidoglycan (WPG), extracted from subsp. X12, inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis in HT-29 cells in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, WPG-induced apoptosis was associated with the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (Ψm), the release of cytochrome c (Cyto-C) from mitochondrialto cytosolic spaces, activation of Caspase 3, and accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). Finally, semi-quantitative RT-PCR showed that these events were accompanied by upregulation of proapoptotic genes (Bax or Bad) and downregulation of antiapoptotic genes (Bcl-xl). Taken together, our results demonstrated that WPG induced apoptosis in HT-29 cells through activation of the mitochondrial pathway. WPG exerted only minor toxicity upon noncancerous cells and therefore might be used as a natural agent in the treatment of cancer in future.
从中国西北地区传统奶酪中分离得到了 subsp. X12。本研究表明，从 subsp. X12 提取的全肽聚糖（WPG）能够剂量依赖性地抑制 HT-29 细胞的增殖并诱导其凋亡。此外，WPG 诱导的细胞凋亡与线粒体膜电位（Ψm）丧失、细胞色素 c（Cyto-C）从线粒体向细胞质空间释放、Caspase 3 激活以及细胞内活性氧（ROS）积累有关。最后，半定量 RT-PCR 显示，这些事件伴随着促凋亡基因（Bax 或 Bad）的上调和抗凋亡基因（Bcl-xl）的下调。总之，我们的研究结果表明，WPG 通过激活线粒体途径诱导 HT-29 细胞凋亡。WPG 对非癌细胞的毒性较小，因此将来可能被用作癌症治疗的天然药物。
