Department of Neurological Surgery, UK Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Department of Neurological Surgery, IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2023;1416:47-68. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-29750-2_5.
Skull base meningiomas are among the most challenging meningiomas to treat clinically due to their deep location, involvement or encasement of adjacent essential neurovascular structures (such as key arteries, cranial nerves, veins, and venous sinuses), and their often-large size prior to diagnosis. Although multimodal treatment strategies continue to evolve with advances in stereotactic and fractionated radiotherapy, surgical resection remains the mainstay of treatment for these tumors. Resection of these tumors however is challenging from a technical standpoint, and requires expertise in several skull-base surgical approaches that rely on adequate bony removal, minimization of brain retraction, and respect for nearby neurovascular structures. These skull base meningiomas originate from a variety of different structures including, but are not limited to: the clinoid processes, tuberculum sellae, dorsum sellae, sphenoid wing, petrous/petroclival area, falcotentorial region, cerebellopontine angle, and foramen magnum. In this chapter, we will cover the common anatomical areas in the skull base from which these tumors arise, and the specific or optimal surgical approaches and other treatment modalities for meningiomas in these such locations.
颅底脑膜瘤是临床治疗最具挑战性的脑膜瘤之一,因为它们位于深部,涉及或包裹相邻的重要神经血管结构(如关键动脉、颅神经、静脉和静脉窦),并且在诊断前通常体积较大。尽管随着立体定向和分割放疗的进步,多模态治疗策略不断发展,但手术切除仍然是这些肿瘤的主要治疗方法。然而,从技术角度来看,切除这些肿瘤具有挑战性,需要在几种依赖于充分骨切除、最小化脑牵拉和尊重附近神经血管结构的颅底外科入路方面具有专业知识。这些颅底脑膜瘤起源于多种不同的结构,包括但不限于:蝶骨嵴、鞍结节、鞍背、蝶骨翼、岩骨/岩斜坡区、小脑幕游离缘区、桥小脑角和枕骨大孔。在本章中,我们将介绍这些肿瘤起源的颅底常见解剖区域,以及这些部位脑膜瘤的特定或最佳手术入路和其他治疗方式。