Şahin Teslime Özge, Yılmaz Birsen, Yeşilyurt Neslihan, Cicia Donatella, Szymanowska Anna, Amero Paola, Ağagündüz Duygu, Capasso Raffaele
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey.
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey.
Phytother Res. 2023 Oct;37(10):4375-4397. doi: 10.1002/ptr.7937. Epub 2023 Jul 11.
Cancer is the most common cause of death worldwide, following cardiovascular diseases. Cancer is a multifactorial disease and many reasons such as physical, chemical, biological, and lifestyle-related factors. Nutrition, which is one of the various factors that play a role in the prevention, development, and treatment of many types of cancer, affects the immune system, which is characterized by disproportionate pro-inflammatory signaling in cancer. Studies investigating the molecular mechanisms of this effect have shown that foods rich in bioactive compounds, such as green tea, olive oil, turmeric, and soybean play a significant role in positively changing the expression of miRNAs involved in the regulation of genes associated with oncogenic/tumor-suppressing pathways. In addition to these foods, some diet models may change the expression of specific cancer-related miRNAs in different ways. While Mediterranean diet has been associated with anticancer effects, a high-fat diet, and a methyl-restricted diet are considered to have negative effects. This review aims to discuss the effects of specific foods called "immune foods," diet models, and bioactive components on cancer by changing the expression of miRNAs in the prevention and treatment of cancer.
癌症是全球仅次于心血管疾病的最常见死因。癌症是一种多因素疾病，其成因众多，包括物理、化学、生物以及与生活方式相关的因素。营养作为在多种癌症的预防、发展和治疗中发挥作用的诸多因素之一，会影响免疫系统，而癌症中的炎症信号失调是其特征。对这种影响的分子机制进行研究后发现，富含生物活性化合物的食物，如绿茶、橄榄油、姜黄和大豆，在正向改变参与致癌/抑癌途径相关基因调控的微小RNA（miRNA）表达方面发挥着重要作用。除了这些食物，一些饮食模式可能会以不同方式改变特定癌症相关miRNA的表达。地中海饮食已被证实具有抗癌作用，而高脂肪饮食和甲基限制饮食则被认为具有负面影响。本综述旨在探讨被称为“免疫食物”的特定食物、饮食模式和生物活性成分通过改变miRNA表达在癌症预防和治疗中对癌症的影响。
