Cipolletta Sabrina, Tomaino Silvia Caterina Maria, Brena Alessandra, Di Ciaccio Paola, Gentile Margherita, Procaccio Francesco, Cardillo Massimo
Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
Centro Nazionale Trapianti, Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS), Rome, Italy.
Br J Health Psychol. 2023 Nov;28(4):1222-1240. doi: 10.1111/bjhp.12681. Epub 2023 Jul 11.
Many factors such as personal and cultural beliefs, misinformation, fear of death and inadequate will registering procedures can influence post-mortem organ donation. The present study aimed to explore the perceptions, beliefs and information around post-mortem donation and will expression in different groups of the Italian population, to orient future interventions and raise awareness.
Qualitative research with focus groups.
A total of 38 focus groups involving 353 participants including the general population (young adults: 18-39, mature adults: 40-70), local and hospital health professionals, critical area health professionals (emergency room and intensive care), registry office employees and opinion leaders, were conducted in six regions from different parts of Italy between June and November 2021. Thematic analysis was conducted with the use of Atlas.ti9.
Five overarching themes were identified: dilemmas regarding donation, resistance to donation, facilitators of donation, difficulties in terms of will expression and proposals to encourage will expression. Possible facilitators were having personal and professional experiences with organ donation, feeling useful for society, having reliable information and trust in the health care system. Potential barriers to donation were doubts and fears about brain death, bodily integrity concerns, religious beliefs, misinformation and distrust in the health care system.
These results highlighted the significance of a bottom-up perspective with regard to identifying the personal perceptions and beliefs with regard to donation, underlining the urgency of creating tailored interventions to sensitize different groups of the population in terms of promoting an informed choice and a culture of donation.
个人和文化信仰、错误信息、对死亡的恐惧以及遗嘱登记程序不完善等诸多因素都会影响死后器官捐赠。本研究旨在探讨意大利不同人群对死后捐赠和遗嘱表达的看法、信念及信息，为未来的干预措施提供指导并提高认识。
采用焦点小组进行定性研究。
2021年6月至11月期间，在意大利不同地区的六个大区开展了总共38个焦点小组，涉及353名参与者，包括普通人群（年轻人：18 - 39岁，成年人：40 - 70岁）、当地和医院卫生专业人员、关键领域卫生专业人员（急诊室和重症监护室）、户籍办公室工作人员和意见领袖。使用Atlas.ti9进行主题分析。
确定了五个总体主题：捐赠困境、对捐赠的抵触、捐赠促进因素、遗嘱表达困难以及鼓励遗嘱表达的建议。可能的促进因素包括有器官捐赠的个人和专业经验、感觉对社会有用、拥有可靠信息以及对医疗保健系统有信任。捐赠的潜在障碍包括对脑死亡的怀疑和恐惧、对身体完整性的担忧、宗教信仰、错误信息以及对医疗保健系统的不信任。
这些结果凸显了自下而上视角在确定个人对捐赠的看法和信念方面的重要性，强调了制定针对性干预措施以提高不同人群在促进明智选择和捐赠文化方面的认识的紧迫性。
