Saner Nicholas J, Lee Matthew J-C, Pitchford Nathan W, Broatch James R, Roach Greg D, Bishop David J, Bartlett Jonathan D
Institute for Health and Sport (iHeS), College of Sport and Exercise Science, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia.
School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Australia.
J Sleep Res. 2024 Apr;33(2):e13987. doi: 10.1111/jsr.13987. Epub 2023 Jul 11.
Mood state and alertness are negatively affected by sleep loss, and can be positively influenced by exercise. However, the potential mitigating effects of exercise on sleep-loss-induced changes in mood state and alertness have not been studied comprehensively. Twenty-four healthy young males were matched into one of three, 5-night sleep interventions: normal sleep (NS; total sleep time (TST) per night = 449 ± 22 min), sleep restriction (SR; TST = 230 ± 5 min), or sleep restriction and exercise (SR + EX; TST = 235 ± 5 min, plus three sessions of high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE)). Mood state was assessed using the profile of mood states (POMS) and a daily well-being questionnaire. Alertness was assessed using psychomotor vigilance testing (PVT). Following the intervention, POMS total mood disturbance scores significantly increased for both the SR and SR + EX groups, and were greater than the NS group (SR vs NS; 31.0 ± 10.7 A.U., [4.4-57.7 A.U.], p = 0.020; SR + EX vs NS; 38.6 ± 14.9 A.U., [11.1-66.1 A.U.], p = 0.004). The PVT reaction times increased in the SR (p = 0.049) and SR + EX groups (p = 0.033) and the daily well-being questionnaire revealed increased levels of fatigue in both groups (SR; p = 0.041, SR + EX; p = 0.026) during the intervention. Despite previously demonstrated physiological benefits of performing three sessions of HIIE during five nights of sleep restriction, the detriments to mood, wellness, and alertness were not mitigated by exercise in this study. Whether alternatively timed exercise sessions or other exercise protocols could promote more positive outcomes on these factors during sleep restriction requires further research.
睡眠不足会对情绪状态和警觉性产生负面影响，而运动则可对其产生积极影响。然而，运动对睡眠不足引起的情绪状态和警觉性变化的潜在缓解作用尚未得到全面研究。24名健康年轻男性被分为三组，进行为期5晚的睡眠干预：正常睡眠（NS；每晚总睡眠时间（TST）=449±22分钟）、睡眠限制（SR；TST=230±5分钟）或睡眠限制加运动（SR+EX；TST=235±5分钟，外加三节高强度间歇运动（HIIE））。使用情绪状态剖面图（POMS）和每日幸福感问卷评估情绪状态。使用心理运动警觉性测试（PVT）评估警觉性。干预后，SR组和SR+EX组的POMS总情绪紊乱得分均显著增加，且高于NS组（SR组与NS组比较；31.0±10.7任意单位，[4.4 - 57.7任意单位]，p=0.020；SR+EX组与NS组比较；38.6±14.9任意单位，[11.1 - 66.1任意单位]，p=0.004）。SR组（p=0.049）和SR+EX组（p=0.033）的PVT反应时间增加，每日幸福感问卷显示两组在干预期间疲劳水平均有所增加（SR组；p=0.041，SR+EX组；p=0.026）。尽管先前已证明在五晚睡眠限制期间进行三节HIIE具有生理益处，但本研究中运动并未减轻对情绪、健康和警觉性的损害。在睡眠限制期间，不同时间安排的运动课程或其他运动方案是否能在这些因素上促进更积极的结果，需要进一步研究。
