Husen Oliyad, Kannaiyan Abbai Moorthy, Aliyo Alqeer, Daka Deresse, Gemechu Tibeso, Tilahun Dagnamyelew, Dedecha Wako
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Institute of Health, Bule Hora University, Bule Hora, Ethiopia.
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia.
Infect Drug Resist. 2023 Jul 6;16:4421-4433. doi: 10.2147/IDR.S415414. eCollection 2023.
In many parts of the world, (GBS) is a major cause of maternal and neonatal illness and mortality. It has a negative impact on neonatal and pregnancy outcomes. A worrisome problem in Ethiopia is the unknown rate of antibiotic resistance and the risk factors connected to GBS infections.
This study was to determine the prevalence, antibiotic susceptibility pattern, and related variables of among pregnant women receiving prenatal treatment conducted at Bule Hora University Teaching Hospital, Southern Ethiopia, between June 1 and August 30, 2022.
An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 213 pregnant women attending antenatal care at Bule Hora University Teaching Hospital. Data on sociodemographic and related factors were gathered using structured questionnaires. The study's participants were selected using the consecutive sampling method. The lower vaginal/rectum area was brushed with a sterile cotton swab to capture the vaginal/rectum swab sample, which was then examined using microbiological techniques. The Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method was used to assess antibiotic susceptibility in GBS isolates. Logistic regression analysis was performed on the data using SPSS version 26. It was deemed statistically significant when the -value was 0.05 with a 95% confidence interval (CI).
The overall prevalence of GBS was 16.9% (CI: 0.12-0.23). A history of prematurity of the membrane (AOR: 3.35, 95% CI: 1.19-9.45), a history of stillbirth (AOR: 2.88, 95% CI: 1.07-7.71), and preterm delivery history (AOR: 3.41, 95% CI: 1.31-8.89) (p 0.05) were independent predictors of GBS infection. Cefepime had the highest resistance at 58.3%. Most GBS isolates showed high susceptibility to vancomycin (97.2%) and ampicillin (91.7%). Multidrug resistance was 13.9%.
The prevalence of GBS was considerably high among pregnant women in this study. This finding emphasises the need for routine screening and testing of antimicrobial susceptibility to provide antibiotic prophylaxis and minimise newborn infection and comorbidity.
在世界许多地区，B族链球菌（GBS）是孕产妇和新生儿疾病及死亡的主要原因。它对新生儿和妊娠结局有负面影响。埃塞俄比亚一个令人担忧的问题是抗生素耐药率不明以及与GBS感染相关的风险因素。
本研究旨在确定2022年6月1日至8月30日在埃塞俄比亚南部布勒霍拉大学教学医院接受产前治疗的孕妇中GBS的患病率、抗生素敏感性模式及相关变量。
在布勒霍拉大学教学医院对213名参加产前护理的孕妇进行了一项基于机构的横断面研究。使用结构化问卷收集社会人口学和相关因素的数据。研究参与者采用连续抽样方法选取。用无菌棉拭子擦拭阴道/直肠下部区域以采集阴道/直肠拭子样本，然后使用微生物技术进行检测。采用 Kirby-Bauer 纸片扩散法评估GBS分离株的抗生素敏感性。使用SPSS 26版对数据进行逻辑回归分析。当P值为0.05且95%置信区间（CI）时，认为具有统计学意义。
GBS的总体患病率为16.9%（CI：0.12 - 0.23）。胎膜早破史（调整后比值比[AOR]：3.35，95%CI：1.19 - 9.45）、死产史（AOR：2.88，95%CI：1.07 - 7.71）和早产史（AOR：3.41，95%CI：1.31 - 8.89）（P<0.05）是GBS感染的独立预测因素。头孢吡肟的耐药率最高，为58.3%。大多数GBS分离株对万古霉素（97.2%）和氨苄西林（91.7%）表现出高敏感性。多重耐药率为13.9%。
本研究中孕妇GBS患病率相当高。这一发现强调了进行常规筛查和抗菌药物敏感性检测以提供抗生素预防并减少新生儿感染和合并症的必要性。
