Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apdo. Postal 70228, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, México.
J Leukoc Biol. 2023 Nov 24;114(6):571-584. doi: 10.1093/jleuko/qiad080.
Neutrophils are fundamental cells in host defense. These leukocytes are quickly recruited from the blood to sites of infection or tissue damage. At these sites, neutrophils initiate several innate immune responses, including phagocytosis, production of reactive oxygen species, degranulation to release proteases and other antimicrobial compounds, production of inflammatory mediators, and formation of neutrophil extracellular traps. In addition to their role in innate immunity, neutrophils are now recognized as cells that also regulate adaptive immunity, via interaction with dendritic cells and lymphocytes. Neutrophils also respond to adaptive immunity by interacting with antibody molecules. Indeed, antibody molecules allow neutrophils to have antigen-specific responses. Neutrophils express different receptors for antibodies. The receptors for immunoglobulin G molecules are known as Fcγ receptors. Upon Fcγ receptor aggregation on the cell membrane, these receptors trigger distinct signal transduction cascades that activate particular cellular responses. In this review, we describe the major Fcγ receptors expressed on human neutrophils and discuss how each Fcγ receptor activates a choice of signaling pathways to stimulate particular neutrophil responses.
中性粒细胞是宿主防御的基本细胞。这些白细胞可以从血液中迅速募集到感染或组织损伤部位。在这些部位，中性粒细胞启动几种先天免疫反应，包括吞噬作用、活性氧物质的产生、脱颗粒以释放蛋白酶和其他抗菌化合物、炎症介质的产生以及中性粒细胞胞外陷阱的形成。除了在先天免疫中的作用外，中性粒细胞现在被认为是通过与树突状细胞和淋巴细胞相互作用来调节适应性免疫的细胞。中性粒细胞也通过与抗体分子相互作用来响应适应性免疫。事实上，抗体分子使中性粒细胞能够产生抗原特异性反应。中性粒细胞表达不同的抗体受体。免疫球蛋白 G 分子的受体称为 Fcγ 受体。在细胞膜上 Fcγ 受体聚集后，这些受体触发不同的信号转导级联反应，激活特定的细胞反应。在这篇综述中，我们描述了人中性粒细胞上表达的主要 Fcγ 受体，并讨论了每个 Fcγ 受体如何激活选择的信号通路来刺激特定的中性粒细胞反应。
