Amity Institute of Neuropsychology and Neurosciences, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India.
Amity Institute of Neuropsychology and Neurosciences, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India.
Adv Protein Chem Struct Biol. 2023;136:309-337. doi: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2023.02.016. Epub 2023 May 22.
Aging is an inevitable phenomenon that causes a decline in bodily functions over time. One of the most important processes that play a role in aging is senescence. Senescence is characterized by accumulation of cells that are no longer functional but elude the apoptotic pathway. These cells secrete inflammatory molecules that comprise the senescence associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Several essential molecules such as p53, Rb, and p16INK4a regulate the senescence process. Mitochondrial regulation has been found to play an important role in senescence. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated from mitochondria can affect cellular senescence by inducing the persistent DNA damage response, thus stabilizing the senescence. Evidently, senescence plays a major contributory role to the development of age-related neurological disorders. In this chapter, we discuss the role of senescence in the progression and onset of several neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Moreover, we also discuss the efficacy of certain molecules like MitoQ, SkQ1, and Latrepirdine that could be proven therapeutics with respect to these disorders by regulating mitochondrial activity.
衰老是一种不可避免的现象，随着时间的推移，身体机能会逐渐下降。在导致衰老的众多过程中，有一个非常重要的过程被称为衰老。衰老的特征是，细胞不再具有功能，但却逃避了细胞凋亡途径。这些细胞会分泌炎症分子，构成衰老相关分泌表型（SASP）。几种重要的分子，如 p53、Rb 和 p16INK4a，调节着衰老过程。人们发现线粒体的调节在衰老中起着重要作用。线粒体产生的活性氧（ROS）可以通过诱导持续的 DNA 损伤反应来影响细胞衰老，从而稳定衰老。显然，衰老在与年龄相关的神经退行性疾病的发展中起着主要的作用。在这一章中，我们讨论了衰老在几种神经退行性疾病（包括阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、亨廷顿病和肌萎缩侧索硬化症）的进展和发病中的作用。此外，我们还讨论了某些分子（如 MitoQ、SkQ1 和 Latrepirdine）的功效，这些分子通过调节线粒体活性，可能被证明是这些疾病的治疗方法。
