Liu Xin-Yu, Wang Dong-Mei, Zhang Ze-Zhou, Zhang Peng, Fan Tong-Tong
College of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2023 Jul 8;44(7):4162-4169. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202207178.
Biochar is widely used in agricultural production practices as a soil conditioner that can be used both alone and jointly with chemical fertilizer. However, there are few studies on the effects of the combined application of biochar and phosphate fertilizer with different particle sizes on soil and plants. In this experiment, pot experiments were used to study the effects of biochar with different particle sizes on soil nutrients, enzyme activity, and nutrient absorption under two phosphorus levels (according to diameter, the biochar was divided into C1:>1 mm and C2:<0.01 mm). This study showed that the combined application of biochar and phosphorus significantly improved soil nutrients, enzyme activity, and nutrient absorption. Among them, the C2 treatment significantly increased the soil available phosphorus content and phosphatase activity (<0.05), whereas the C1 treatment had a significant effect on ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, urease, and catalase activities (<0.05). Moreover, the differences in nutrients and enzymes among biochar treatments with different particle sizes were affected by soil phosphorus levels. At the P0 level, there was no significant difference in ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen contents between the C1 and C2 treatments. At the P1 level, the contents of NH-N and NO-N in the C1 treatment were 24.19% and 18.68% higher than those in the C2 treatment (<0.05), but there was no significant difference between the C1 and C2 treatments. Phosphorus addition significantly increased the N and P contents of above ground and in the ground (<0.05), but there was no significant effect on the nutrient content of between different particle sizes of biochar. In conclusion, biochar and phosphate fertilizer can be used as an effective means of soil improvement. In addition, when using biochar for soil improvement, the impact of particle size on soil nutrients and soil enzymes should be considered.
生物炭作为一种土壤改良剂，在农业生产实践中被广泛应用，既可以单独使用，也可以与化肥联合使用。然而，关于不同粒径生物炭与磷肥配施对土壤和植物影响的研究较少。本试验采用盆栽试验，研究了两种磷水平下不同粒径生物炭（按直径将生物炭分为C1：>1mm和C2：<0.01mm）对土壤养分、酶活性及养分吸收的影响。研究表明，生物炭与磷配施显著提高了土壤养分、酶活性及养分吸收。其中，C2处理显著提高了土壤有效磷含量和磷酸酶活性（<0.05），而C1处理对铵态氮、硝态氮、脲酶和过氧化氢酶活性有显著影响（<0.05）。此外，不同粒径生物炭处理间养分和酶的差异受土壤磷水平的影响。在P0水平下，C1和C2处理间铵态氮和硝态氮含量无显著差异。在P1水平下，C1处理中NH-N和NO-N含量分别比C2处理高24.19%和18.68%（<0.05），但C1和C2处理间无显著差异。施磷显著提高了地上部和地下部的氮、磷含量（<0.05），但对不同粒径生物炭间的养分含量无显著影响。综上所述，生物炭和磷肥可作为土壤改良的有效手段。此外，在利用生物炭改良土壤时，应考虑粒径对土壤养分和土壤酶的影响。
