Department of Public Health, Institute of Health Sciences, Wollega University, Nekemt, Ethiopia.
Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Public Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
PLoS One. 2023 Jul 13;18(7):e0288444. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288444. eCollection 2023.
Discharge of excreta to the environment lead to surface and groundwater contamination and human exposure to disease-causing micro-organisms. There is limitation of evidences regarding the latrine utilization among community-led total sanitation and hygiene implemented and non-implemented districts of the East Wollega Zone. Hence, this study aimed to determine the magnitude and associated factors of latrine utilization among households in community-led total sanitation and hygiene implemented and non-implemented Districts in East Wollega Zone, Western Ethiopia.
A cross-sectional study was conducted. A Multi-stage sampling technique was applied to select the 461 households. Data were collected using interviews and observations guided by a pre-structured questionnaire. Data were entered using Epi Data and exported to SPSS software version 25 for data recording, cleaning, and statistical analysis. Bivariable logistic regression was run to identify the candidate variables at p-value <0.25. Variables that had associations with latrine utilization in the bi-variable analysis were entered together into multivariable logistic regression. An Adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval was calculated and P-value< 0.05 was used to declare a statistically significant association.
The overall prevalence of latrine utilization was found to be 52.7% (95%CI:48%, 57.3%). Religion (AOR = 0.149;95%CI:0.044,0.506), education (AOR = 3.861;95%CI:1.642,9.077), occupation, absence of children <5 years (AOR = 4.724;95%CI:2.313,9.648), toilet cleaning (AOR = 10.662;95%CI:5.571,20.403), frequency of latrine construction (AOR = 6.441;95%CI:2.203,18.826), maintenance need (AOR = 6.446; 95%CI:3.023,13.744), distance from health institution (AOR = 0.987; 95%CI:0.978, 0.996), distance from kebele office (AOR = 6.478; 95%CI:2.137,19.635), and latrine distance from dwelling (AOR = 11.656; 95%CI:2.108, 64.44) were the factors associated with latrine use.
The latrine utilization in this study is low as compared to other studies. Religion, education, occupation, absence of children <5 years, toilet cleaning, frequency of latrine construction, maintenance need of the toilet, distance from health institution, distance from kebele, and latrine distance from dwelling are the associated factors of latrine utilization. Both households and health workers have to work together to improve latrine utilization and the safe disposal of children's feces.
排泄物排放到环境中会导致地表水和地下水受到污染，并使人类接触到致病微生物。在东沃莱加地区实施和未实施社区主导的整体环境卫生的社区中，关于厕所利用的证据有限。因此，本研究旨在确定东沃莱加地区实施和未实施社区主导的整体环境卫生的社区中家庭使用厕所的程度和相关因素。
本研究采用了横断面研究。采用多阶段抽样技术选择了 461 户家庭。数据收集使用访谈和观察，指导使用预先制定的问卷。数据使用 Epi Data 输入，并导出到 SPSS 软件版本 25 进行数据记录、清理和统计分析。双变量逻辑回归用于识别 p 值<0.25 的候选变量。在双变量分析中与厕所利用相关的变量被一起输入到多变量逻辑回归中。计算了调整后的优势比及其 95%置信区间，P 值<0.05 用于表示具有统计学意义的关联。
总体上发现厕所利用率为 52.7%（95%CI：48%，57.3%）。宗教（AOR = 0.149；95%CI：0.044，0.506）、教育（AOR = 3.861；95%CI：1.642，9.077）、职业、5 岁以下儿童（AOR = 4.724；95%CI：2.313，9.648）、厕所清洁（AOR = 10.662；95%CI：5.571，20.403）、厕所建造频率（AOR = 6.441；95%CI：2.203，18.826）、维护需求（AOR = 6.446；95%CI：3.023，13.744）、离医疗机构的距离（AOR = 0.987；95%CI：0.978，0.996）、离地区办事处的距离（AOR = 6.478；95%CI：2.137，19.635）和离住所的距离（AOR = 11.656；95%CI：2.108，64.44）是与厕所使用相关的因素。
与其他研究相比，本研究中的厕所利用率较低。宗教、教育、职业、5 岁以下儿童、厕所清洁、厕所建造频率、厕所维护需求、离医疗机构的距离、离地区办事处的距离和离住所的距离是厕所使用的相关因素。家庭和卫生工作者都必须共同努力，以提高厕所利用率和儿童粪便的安全处理。
