Highman Chantelle, Overby Megan, Leitão Suze, Abbiati Claudia, Velleman Shelley
Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Vermont, Burlington.
J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2024 Sep 26;67(9S):3288-3308. doi: 10.1044/2023_JSLHR-22-00639. Epub 2023 Jul 13.
The purpose of this tutorial is to (a) provide an updated review of the literature pertaining to proposed early features of childhood apraxia of speech (CAS), (b) discuss the findings of recent treatment studies of infants and toddlers with suspected CAS (sCAS), and (c) present evidence-based strategies and tools that can be used for the identification of and intervention for infants and toddlers with sCAS or at high risk for the disorder.
Since Davis and Velleman's (2000) seminal work on assessment and intervention in infants and toddlers with sCAS, limited research has guided clinicians in the complex task of identifying and treating early speech motor difficulties prior to a definitive diagnosis of CAS. Following the structure of Davis and Velleman, we explore the proposed early characteristics of CAS with reference to contemporary research. Next, we describe the limited treatment studies that have investigated intervention for infants and toddlers at risk of or suspected of having CAS. Finally, we present practical suggestions for integrating this knowledge into clinical practice.
Many of the originally proposed correlates of CAS in infants and toddlers now have research supporting their presence. However, questions remain about the developmental trajectory of the disorder. Although limited in number and restricted by lack of experimental control, emerging treatment studies can help guide clinicians in providing appropriate intervention to infants and toddlers with sCAS who need not wait for a definitive diagnosis to initiate intervention.
本教程的目的是：（a）对有关儿童言语失用症（CAS）早期特征的文献进行更新综述；（b）讨论近期对疑似CAS（sCAS）的婴幼儿进行治疗研究的结果；（c）提出基于证据的策略和工具，可用于识别和干预患有sCAS或有该疾病高风险的婴幼儿。
自戴维斯和韦勒曼（2000年）关于评估和干预疑似CAS的婴幼儿的开创性工作以来，在对CAS进行明确诊断之前，指导临床医生识别和治疗早期言语运动困难这一复杂任务的研究有限。按照戴维斯和韦勒曼的结构，我们参考当代研究探讨了CAS的早期特征。接下来，我们描述了针对有患CAS风险或疑似患有CAS的婴幼儿进行干预的有限治疗研究。最后，我们提出将这些知识整合到临床实践中的实用建议。
许多最初提出的婴幼儿CAS相关因素现在有了支持其存在的研究。然而，关于该疾病的发展轨迹仍存在问题。尽管新兴的治疗研究数量有限且受缺乏实验对照的限制，但它们可以帮助指导临床医生为不需要等待明确诊断就开始干预的疑似CAS婴幼儿提供适当的干预。
