Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Campus Box #3270, 235 E. Cameron Avenue, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3270, USA.
Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Campus Box #3270, 235 E. Cameron Avenue, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3270, USA.
Curr Opin Psychol. 2023 Aug;52:101640. doi: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2023.101640. Epub 2023 Jun 17.
Opposing theories posited that young adult substance use during the COVID-19 pandemic would decline due to restricted access and social engagement or increase due to efforts to cope with rising distress, loneliness, and isolation. Peer-reviewed global longitudinal studies found (a) overall declines in commonly used substances in 2020 with some rebounding in 2021; (b) individual differences in this pattern, with declines linked to factors limiting access and increases to pre-existing risk; and (c) under-developed evidence to evaluate increased coping-related use. Given potential links between surging mental health disorders and substance use, further surveillance and wider dissemination of substance use programming is needed, particularly for vulnerable individuals and settings.
有相反的理论认为，由于社交接触受限和活动减少，新冠疫情期间青少年的物质使用会减少；或者由于人们努力应对不断增加的痛苦、孤独和隔离，物质使用会增加。经过同行评审的全球纵向研究发现：(a) 2020 年常用物质的使用总体下降，2021 年有所反弹；(b) 这种模式存在个体差异，下降与限制获取途径的因素有关，而增加则与先前存在的风险有关；(c) 评估与应对相关的使用增加的证据不足。鉴于心理健康障碍和物质使用之间可能存在关联，需要进一步监测和更广泛地传播物质使用规划，特别是针对脆弱个人和环境。
