School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Air Force Hospital, Eastern Theater of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2024 Jan 10;318(Pt A):116906. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116906. Epub 2023 Jul 11.
Modified Simiaowan (MSM) is a six-herb formula that has been shown to be effective in gouty arthritis (GA) has been proven, but its regulatory mechanism has not been fully elucidated.
To investigate the therapeutic effects and mechanism of MSM on gouty arthritis.
Mouse J774A.1 macrophages were induced with Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and then stimulated with Adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) or Nigericin (Nig.) in presence or absence of MSM. Expression of key indicators of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathway were investigated by western blot, ELISA and qRT-PCR. Fluorescence staining and flow cytometry were performed to detect intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Another study, the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of MSM were evaluated in rats with monosodium urate (MSU) -induced gouty arthritis using ELISA, hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE) staining, immunohistochemistry, and oxidative stress kits to measure relevant inflammatory markers and oxidative stress-related biomarkers.
ELISA and qRT-PCR results demonstrated that MSM effectively reduced the secretion and the mRNA expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Western blot results indicated that MSM can suppress the expression of NLRP3, an inflamasomes-related protein. In addition, MSM regulated the transition from M1 to M2 macrophages and upregulated the protein expression of Nrf2 and HO-1. The flow cytometry results and the fluorescence staining result were consistent with hypothesis that a large amount of ROS could be effectively cleared by MSM. However, the anti-inflammatory effect of MSM was attenuated after the use of ML385. In vivo experiments demonstrated that joint swelling was significantly attenuated and knee neutrophil infiltration was alleviated in rats given MSM. SOD and GSH-px levels were elevated significantly, while COX-2 and MDA levels decreased. The immunohistochemical results suggested that MSM could effectively inhibit the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and the regulation of macrophage polarization in rat synovial tissue, and remarkably enhance the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1.
MSM has potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects on MSU-induced gouty arthritis. MSM alleviates GA through Nrf2/HO-1/ROS/NLRP3 signaling pathway.
改良 Simiaowan（MSM）是一种六草药配方，已被证明对痛风性关节炎（GA）有效，但它的调节机制尚未完全阐明。
探讨 MSM 对痛风性关节炎的治疗作用及机制。
用脂多糖（LPS）诱导小鼠 J774A.1 巨噬细胞，然后用三磷酸腺苷（ATP）或 Nigericin（Nig.）刺激，同时存在或不存在 MSM。通过 Western blot、ELISA 和 qRT-PCR 研究关键促炎细胞因子和 NLRP3 炎性体信号通路的表达。荧光染色和流式细胞术检测细胞内活性氧（ROS）的产生。另一项研究，采用 ELISA、苏木精-伊红染色（HE）染色、免疫组织化学和氧化应激试剂盒，评价 MSM 对尿酸单钠（MSU）诱导的痛风性关节炎大鼠的抗炎和抗氧化活性，以测量相关炎症标志物和氧化应激相关生物标志物。
ELISA 和 qRT-PCR 结果表明，MSM 能有效降低促炎细胞因子的分泌和 mRNA 表达水平。Western blot 结果表明，MSM 可抑制炎性体相关蛋白 NLRP3 的表达。此外，MSM 调节 M1 向 M2 巨噬细胞的转化，并上调 Nrf2 和 HO-1 的蛋白表达。流式细胞术结果和荧光染色结果一致，表明 MSM 可有效清除大量 ROS。然而，在使用 ML385 后，MSM 的抗炎作用减弱。体内实验表明，MSM 给药可显著减轻大鼠关节肿胀和膝关节中性粒细胞浸润。SOD 和 GSH-px 水平显著升高，COX-2 和 MDA 水平降低。免疫组织化学结果表明，MSM 能有效抑制 NLRP3 炎性体在大鼠滑膜组织中的激活和巨噬细胞极化的调节，显著增强 Nrf2 和 HO-1 的表达。
MSM 对尿酸盐诱导的痛风性关节炎具有较强的抗炎和抗氧化作用。MSM 通过 Nrf2/HO-1/ROS/NLRP3 信号通路缓解 GA。
