Mauthe von Degerfeld Mitzy, Serpieri Matteo, Bonaffini Giuseppe, Ottino Chiara, Quaranta Giuseppe
Centro Animali Non Convenzionali, Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università degli Studi di Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy.
Animals (Basel). 2023 Jun 23;13(13):2076. doi: 10.3390/ani13132076.
A non-invasive method of drug delivery, intranasal atomization, has shown positive results in human medicine and in some animal species. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of intranasal atomization, compared to intramuscular administration, of a mix of anesthetic drugs in pet rabbits. In total, 104 mixed-breed pet rabbits, undergoing various types of surgery, received a combination of ketamine, medetomidine, and butorphanol (20, 0.4, and 0.2 mg/kg) by intranasal atomization using a Mucosal Atomization Device (Group MAD) or intramuscular administration (Group IM). When required, isoflurane was dispensed through a face mask. At the end of the procedures, atipamezole was administered using the same routes in the respective Groups. There were no differences in time to loss of righting reflex between the groups, while differences were found for the need for isoflurane (higher in Group MAD) and recovery time, occurring earlier in Group MAD. The results suggest that intranasal atomization of a combination of ketamine, medetomidine, and butorphanol produces a lighter depth of anesthesia in pet rabbits, compared to intramuscular administration. Intranasal atomization can be performed to administer sedative and anesthetic drugs, avoiding the algic stimulus related to the intramuscular inoculation of drugs.
一种非侵入性给药方法——鼻内雾化，已在人类医学和一些动物物种中显示出积极效果。本研究的目的是评估与肌肉注射相比，鼻内雾化麻醉药物混合物对宠物兔的影响。总共104只接受各种手术的混种宠物兔，通过黏膜雾化装置经鼻内雾化（黏膜雾化装置组）或肌肉注射（肌肉注射组）接受氯胺酮、美托咪定和布托啡诺的组合（20、0.4和0.2mg/kg）。必要时，通过面罩给予异氟烷。在手术结束时，在相应组中使用相同途径给予阿替美唑。两组之间翻正反射消失时间没有差异，但在异氟烷需求（黏膜雾化装置组更高）和恢复时间方面存在差异，黏膜雾化装置组恢复时间更早。结果表明，与肌肉注射相比，氯胺酮、美托咪定和布托啡诺组合的鼻内雾化在宠物兔中产生的麻醉深度更浅。可以进行鼻内雾化来给予镇静和麻醉药物，避免与肌肉注射药物相关的疼痛刺激。
