Ghanem Amr Sayed, Nguyen Chau Minh, Mansour Yara, Fábián Gergely, Rusinné Fedor Anita, Nagy Attila, Móré Marianna
Department of Health Informatics, Institute of Health Informatics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, 4028 Debrecen, Hungary.
Institute of Social and Sociological Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, 4400 Nyíregyháza, Hungary.
Healthcare (Basel). 2023 Jul 5;11(13):1940. doi: 10.3390/healthcare11131940.
Chronic diseases are a major cause of mortality and morbidity globally, with non-communicable diseases being responsible for most deaths. Older adults are at a higher risk of developing chronic diseases due to various sociodemographic and lifestyle factors such as age, sex, income, education, employment, place of residence, dietary supplementation, tobacco use, and alcohol consumption. Understanding the relationship between these factors and chronic diseases is crucial for identifying vulnerable populations and improving healthcare delivery. Through both an online and an interview-based survey, this cross-sectional study aimed to examine these associations, focusing on adults aged 50 and above, with the goal of identifying potential areas for intervention and prevention. The study found that gender, area of residence, education status, employment status, nutritional supplementation, body mass index (BMI), alcohol usage, and age are associated with the risk of chronic disease, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes. Female gender, higher educational level, employment, normal BMI, and younger age were found to be protective factors, while living in rural areas, alcohol consumption, and older age were identified as risk factors. The study recommends targeted interventions and improved access to healthcare to reduce risk factors and enhance healthcare delivery for better health outcomes.
慢性病是全球死亡和发病的主要原因,非传染性疾病导致了大多数死亡。由于年龄、性别、收入、教育、就业、居住地点、膳食补充、烟草使用和酒精消费等各种社会人口统计学和生活方式因素,老年人患慢性病的风险更高。了解这些因素与慢性病之间的关系对于确定弱势群体和改善医疗服务至关重要。通过在线调查和访谈式调查,这项横断面研究旨在研究这些关联,重点关注50岁及以上的成年人,目标是确定潜在的干预和预防领域。研究发现,性别、居住地区、教育状况、就业状况、营养补充、体重指数(BMI)、酒精使用和年龄与慢性病、心血管疾病和糖尿病的风险相关。女性、较高教育水平、就业、正常BMI和较年轻年龄被发现是保护因素,而生活在农村地区、饮酒和年龄较大被确定为风险因素。该研究建议采取有针对性的干预措施并改善医疗服务可及性,以降低风险因素并加强医疗服务,从而实现更好的健康结果。