“组学”技术在海洋生物污损研究中的应用。
"Omics" Techniques Used in Marine Biofouling Studies.
机构信息
Department of Marine Science and Fisheries, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Al Khoud 123, Muscat P.O. Box 34, Oman.
Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Beaufort, NC 28516, USA.
出版信息
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jun 23;24(13):10518. doi: 10.3390/ijms241310518.
Biofouling is the growth of organisms on wet surfaces. Biofouling includes micro- (bacteria and unicellular algae) and macrofouling (mussels, barnacles, tube worms, bryozoans, etc.) and is a major problem for industries. However, the settlement and growth of some biofouling species, like oysters and corals, can be desirable. Thus, it is important to understand the process of biofouling in detail. Modern "omic" techniques, such as metabolomics, metagenomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics, provide unique opportunities to study biofouling organisms and communities and investigate their metabolites and environmental interactions. In this review, we analyze the recent publications that employ metagenomic, metabolomic, and proteomic techniques for the investigation of biofouling and biofouling organisms. Specific emphasis is given to metagenomics, proteomics and publications using combinations of different "omics" techniques. Finally, this review presents the future outlook for the use of "omics" techniques in marine biofouling studies. Like all trans-disciplinary research, environmental "omics" is in its infancy and will advance rapidly as researchers develop the necessary expertise, theory, and technology.
生物污损是指生物体在潮湿表面上的生长。生物污损包括微观生物（细菌和单细胞藻类）和宏观生物（贻贝、藤壶、管虫、苔藓虫等），是许多行业面临的主要问题。然而，某些生物污损物种（如牡蛎和珊瑚）的定居和生长可能是有利的。因此，详细了解生物污损过程非常重要。现代“组学”技术，如代谢组学、宏基因组学、转录组学和蛋白质组学，为研究生物污损生物及其群落、调查其代谢物和环境相互作用提供了独特的机会。在这篇综述中，我们分析了最近使用宏基因组学、代谢组学和蛋白质组学技术研究生物污损和生物污损生物的出版物。特别强调了宏基因组学、蛋白质组学以及使用不同“组学”技术组合的出版物。最后，本文对“组学”技术在海洋生物污损研究中的应用前景进行了展望。与所有跨学科研究一样，环境“组学”仍处于起步阶段，随着研究人员发展必要的专业知识、理论和技术，它将迅速发展。
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