Specialty Corn Institute, College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.
College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jun 27;24(13):10728. doi: 10.3390/ijms241310728.
The developmental plasticity of the maize inflorescence depends on meristems, which directly affect reproductive potential and yield. However, the molecular roles of upper floral meristem (UFM) and lower floral meristem (LFM) in inflorescence and kernel development have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we characterized the () novel mutant, which contains kernels with giant embryos but shows normal vegetative growth like the wild type (WT). Total RNA was extracted from the inflorescence at three stages for transcriptomic analysis. A total of 250.16-Gb clean reads were generated, and 26,248 unigenes were assembled and annotated. Gene ontology analyses of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) detected in the sexual organ formation stage revealed that cell differentiation, organ development, phytohormonal responses and carbohydrate metabolism were enriched. The DEGs associated with the regulation of phytohormone levels and signaling were mainly expressed, including auxin (IAA), jasmonic acid (JA), gibberellins (GA), and abscisic acid (ABA). The transcriptome, hormone evaluation and immunohistochemistry observation revealed that phytohormone homeostasis were affected in . BSA-Seq and transcriptomic analysis also provide candidate genes to regulate UFM and LFM development. These results provide novel insights for understanding the regulatory mechanism of UFM and LFM development in maize and other plants.
玉米花序的发育可塑性取决于分生组织，它直接影响生殖潜力和产量。然而，上位花分生组织（UFM）和下位花分生组织（LFM）在上位花序和核发育中的分子作用尚未完全阐明。在这项研究中，我们对含有巨型胚的突变体 () 进行了表征，该突变体与野生型（WT）一样表现出正常的营养生长但具有正常的生殖生长。从三个阶段的花序中提取总 RNA 进行转录组分析。共生成了 250.16-Gb 清洁读数，组装并注释了 26248 个基因。在性器官形成阶段检测到的差异表达基因（DEGs）的基因本体分析表明，细胞分化、器官发育、植物激素反应和碳水化合物代谢是富集的。与植物激素水平和信号调节相关的 DEGs 主要表达，包括生长素（IAA）、茉莉酸（JA）、赤霉素（GA）和脱落酸（ABA）。转录组、激素评估和免疫组织化学观察表明， 在 中植物激素稳态受到影响。BSA-Seq 和转录组分析还提供了调节 UFM 和 LFM 发育的候选基因。这些结果为理解玉米和其他植物中 UFM 和 LFM 发育的调控机制提供了新的见解。
