Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Smoluchowskiego 17, 80-214 Gdansk, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jun 28;24(13):10780. doi: 10.3390/ijms241310780.
Sepsis is a life-threatening condition resulting from an inflammatory overreaction that is induced by an infectious factor, which leads to multi-organ failure. Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a common complication of sepsis that can lead to acute cognitive and consciousness disorders, and no strict diagnostic criteria have been created for the complication thus far. The etiopathology of SAE is not fully understood, but plausible mechanisms include neuroinflammation, blood-brain barrier disruption, altered cerebral microcirculation, alterations in neurotransmission, changes in calcium homeostasis, and oxidative stress. SAE may also lead to long-term consequences such as dementia and post-traumatic stress disorder. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of substances with neuroprotective properties that have the potential to offer neuroprotection in the treatment of SAE. An extensive literature search was conducted, extracting 71 articles that cover a range of substances, including plant-derived drugs, peptides, monoclonal antibodies, and other commonly used drugs. This review may provide valuable insights for clinicians and researchers working in the field of sepsis and SAE and contribute to the development of new treatment options for this challenging condition.
脓毒症是一种危及生命的病症，由感染因素引起的炎症过度反应导致，可导致多器官衰竭。脓毒症相关性脑病（SAE）是脓毒症的常见并发症，可导致急性认知和意识障碍，但迄今为止尚未为此并发症制定严格的诊断标准。SAE 的病因病理生理学尚不完全清楚，但合理的机制包括神经炎症、血脑屏障破坏、脑微循环改变、神经递质改变、钙稳态改变和氧化应激。SAE 还可能导致长期后果，如痴呆和创伤后应激障碍。本综述旨在全面总结具有神经保护特性的物质，这些物质有可能在治疗 SAE 中提供神经保护。进行了广泛的文献检索，提取了 71 篇涵盖各种物质的文章，包括植物源性药物、肽、单克隆抗体和其他常用药物。本综述可能为脓毒症和 SAE 领域的临床医生和研究人员提供有价值的见解，并为这一具有挑战性的疾病的新治疗选择的发展做出贡献。
