Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, ul. Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland.
Institute of Physics, Faculty of Materials Engineering and Technical Physics, Poznan University of Technology, ul. Piotrowo 3, 60-965 Poznan, Poland.
Molecules. 2023 Jul 4;28(13):5188. doi: 10.3390/molecules28135188.
This article presents studies on the precipitation of Pt, Pd, Rh, and Ru nanoparticles (NPs) from model and real multicomponent solutions using sodium borohydride, ascorbic acid, sodium formate, and formic acid as reducing agents and polyvinylpyrrolidone as a stabilizing agent. As was expected, apart from PGMs, non-precious metals were coprecipitated. The influence of the addition of non-precious metal ions into the feed solution on the precipitation yield and catalytic properties of the obtained precipitates was studied. A strong reducing agent, NaBH precipitates Pt, Pd, Rh, Fe and Cu NPs in most cases with an efficiency greater than 80% from three- and four-component model solutions. The morphology of the PGMs nanoparticles was analyzed via SEM-EDS and TEM. The size of a single nanoparticle of each precipitated metal was not larger than 5 nm. The catalytic properties of the obtained nanomaterials were confirmed via the reaction of the reduction of 4-nitrophenol (NPh) to 4-aminophenol (NAf). Nanocatalysts containing Pt/Pd/Fe NPs obtained from a real solution (produced as a result of the leaching of spent automotive catalysts) showed high catalytic activity (86% NPh conversion after 30 min of reaction at pH 11 with 3 mg of the nanocatalyst).
本文研究了使用硼氢化钠、抗坏血酸、甲酸钠和甲酸作为还原剂，聚乙烯吡咯烷酮作为稳定剂，从模型和实际多组分溶液中沉淀 Pt、Pd、Rh 和 Ru 纳米颗粒（NPs）。除了贵金属外，还预期会共沉淀非贵金属。研究了向进料溶液中添加非贵金属离子对所得沉淀物的沉淀产率和催化性能的影响。强还原剂 NaBH 从三组分和四组分模型溶液中以大于 80%的效率沉淀 Pt、Pd、Rh、Fe 和 Cu NPs。通过 SEM-EDS 和 TEM 分析了贵金属纳米颗粒的形态。每个沉淀金属的单个纳米颗粒的尺寸不大于 5nm。通过 4-硝基苯酚（NPh）还原为 4-氨基酚（NAf）的反应证实了所获得的纳米材料的催化性能。从实际溶液（浸出用过的汽车催化剂的结果）获得的含有 Pt/Pd/Fe NPs 的纳米催化剂表现出高催化活性（在 pH 11 下反应 30 分钟后，3mg 纳米催化剂的 NPh 转化率为 86%）。
