Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, F. Kuhača 18, HR-31 000 Osijek, Croatia.
Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary.
Molecules. 2023 Jul 7;28(13):5285. doi: 10.3390/molecules28135285.
Grape pomace is a by-product of winemaking characterized by a rich chemical composition from which phenolics stand out. Phenolics are health-promoting agents, and their beneficial effects depend on their bioaccessibility, which is influenced by gastrointestinal digestion. The effect of encapsulating phenol-rich grape pomace extract (PRE) with sodium alginate (SA), a mixture of SA with gelatin (SA-GEL), and SA with chitosan (SA-CHIT) on the bioaccessibility index () of phenolics during simulated digestion in vitro was studied. A total of 27 individual phenolic compounds (IPCs) were quantified by UHPLC. The addition of a second coating to SA improved the encapsulation efficiency (), and the highest was obtained for SA-CHIT microbeads (56.25%). Encapsulation affected the physicochemical properties (size, shape and texture, morphology, crystallinity) of the produced microbeads, which influenced the delivery of phenolics to the intestine and their . Thus, SA-GEL microbeads had the largest size parameters, as confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the highest for total phenolic compounds and IPCs (gallic acid, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid and -coumaric acid, epicatechin, and gallocatechin gallate) ranged from 96.20 to 1011.3%. The results suggest that encapsulated PRE has great potential to be used as a functional ingredient in products for oral administration.
葡萄渣是酿酒的副产品，其化学成分丰富，其中以酚类物质最为突出。酚类物质是具有促进健康作用的物质，其有益效果取决于它们的生物利用度，而生物利用度又受到胃肠道消化的影响。本研究旨在探讨用海藻酸钠（SA）、SA 与明胶（SA-GEL）和 SA 与壳聚糖（SA-CHIT）混合物对富含酚类的葡萄渣提取物（PRE）进行包埋，对体外模拟消化过程中酚类物质生物利用度指数（）的影响。采用 UHPLC 定量分析了 27 种单体酚类化合物（IPC）。添加第二层包衣可以提高 SA 的包封效率（），而 SA-CHIT 微球的最高（）为 56.25%。包埋作用影响了所制得微球的理化性质（大小、形状和质地、形态、结晶度），从而影响了酚类物质向肠道的传递及其生物利用度。因此，扫描电子显微镜（SEM）证实，SA-GEL 微球的粒径参数最大，总酚类化合物和 IPCs（没食子酸、3,4-二羟基苯甲酸和 -肉桂酸、表儿茶素和没食子酸表儿茶素酯）的最高值为 96.20 至 1011.3%。结果表明，包埋的 PRE 具有作为口服产品中功能性成分的巨大潜力。
