Martinović Josipa, Lukinac Jasmina, Jukić Marko, Ambrus Rita, Planinić Mirela, Šelo Gordana, Perković Gabriela, Bucić-Kojić Ana
Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, F. Kuhača 18, HR-31 000 Osijek, Croatia.
Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary.
Gels. 2023 Nov 1;9(11):870. doi: 10.3390/gels9110870.
Grape pomace is a byproduct of wineries and a sustainable source of bioactive phenolic compounds. Encapsulation of phenolics with a well-chosen coating may be a promising means of delivering them to the intestine, where they can then be absorbed and exert their health-promoting properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, cardioprotective, and antimicrobial effects. Ionic gelation of grape pomace extract with natural coatings (sodium alginate and its combination with maltodextrins, gelatin, chitosan, gums Tragacanth and Arabic) was performed, and the resulting hydrogel microbeads were then air-, vacuum-, and freeze-dried to prevent spoilage. Freeze-drying showed advantages in preserving the geometrical parameters and morphology of the microbeads compared to other drying techniques. A good relationship was found between the physicochemical properties of the dried microbeads and the in vitro release of phenolics. Freeze-dried microbeads showed the highest cumulative release of phenols in the intestinal phase (23.65-43.27 mg/g), while the most suitable release dynamics in vitro were observed for alginate-based microbeads in combination with gelatin, gum Arabic, and 1.5% (/) chitosan. The results highlight the importance of developing encapsulated formulations containing a natural source of bioactive compounds that can be used in various functional foods and pharmaceutical products.
葡萄渣是酿酒厂的副产品，也是生物活性酚类化合物的可持续来源。用精心挑选的包衣材料对酚类物质进行包封，可能是将它们输送到肠道的一种有前景的方法，在肠道中它们可以被吸收并发挥其促进健康的特性，包括抗氧化、抗炎、抗癌、心脏保护和抗菌作用。用天然包衣材料（海藻酸钠及其与麦芽糊精、明胶、壳聚糖、黄芪胶和阿拉伯胶的组合）对葡萄渣提取物进行离子凝胶化处理，然后将得到的水凝胶微珠进行空气干燥、真空干燥和冷冻干燥以防止变质。与其他干燥技术相比，冷冻干燥在保留微珠的几何参数和形态方面显示出优势。发现干燥微珠的物理化学性质与酚类物质的体外释放之间存在良好的关系。冷冻干燥的微珠在肠道阶段显示出最高的酚类累积释放量（23.65 - 43.27毫克/克），而基于海藻酸钠的微珠与明胶、阿拉伯胶和1.5%（/）壳聚糖组合时，在体外观察到最合适的释放动力学。结果突出了开发含有生物活性化合物天然来源的包封制剂的重要性，这些制剂可用于各种功能性食品和药品中。
